Deng Xiaoxiao, Zhang Yuebo, Song Gang, Fu Yawei, Chen Yue, Gao Hu, Wang Qian, Jin Zhao, Yin Yulong, Xu Kang
Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolism, The Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Oct 25;13(21):3321. doi: 10.3390/ani13213321.
Adipose tissue composition contributes greatly to the quality and nutritional value of meat. Transcriptomic and lipidomic techniques were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the differences in fat deposition in Ningxiang pigs, Berkshires and F offspring. Transcriptomic analysis identified 680, 592, and 380 DEGs in comparisons of Ningxiang pigs vs. Berkshires, Berkshires vs. F offspring, and Ningxiang pigs vs. F offspring. The lipidomic analysis screened 423, 252, and 50 SCLs in comparisons of Ningxiang pigs vs. Berkshires, Berkshires vs. F offspring, and Ningxiang pigs vs. F offspring. Lycine, serine, and the threonine metabolism pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism-related pathways were significantly enriched in comparisons of Berkshires vs. Ningxiang pigs and Berkshires vs. F offspring. The DEGs (, ) and the SCLs (phosphatidylserines) may have a great impact on the glycine, serine, and the threonine metabolism pathway. Moreover, the DEGs (, , , , , , , , , and ) and the SCLs (palmitoleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and icosadienoic acid) play important roles in the fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism of fatty acids. Thus, the difference in fat deposition among Ningxiang pig, Berkshires, and F offspring may be caused by differences in the expression patterns of key genes in multiple enriched KEGG pathways. This research revealed multiple lipids that are potentially available biological indicators and screened key genes that are potential targets for molecular design breeding. The research also explored the molecular mechanisms of the difference in fat deposition among Ningxiang pig, Berkshires, and F pigs, and provided an insight into selection for backfat thickness and the fat composition of adipose tissue for future breeding strategies.
脂肪组织组成对肉的品质和营养价值有很大影响。采用转录组学和脂质组学技术研究宁乡猪、巴克夏猪和F代猪脂肪沉积差异的分子机制。转录组分析在宁乡猪与巴克夏猪、巴克夏猪与F代猪、宁乡猪与F代猪的比较中分别鉴定出680、592和380个差异表达基因（DEGs）。脂质组分析在宁乡猪与巴克夏猪、巴克夏猪与F代猪、宁乡猪与F代猪的比较中分别筛选出423、252和50种显著变化脂质（SCLs）。在巴克夏猪与宁乡猪、巴克夏猪与F代猪的比较中，赖氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢途径、脂肪酸生物合成和代谢相关途径显著富集。差异表达基因（ ， ）和显著变化脂质（磷脂酰丝氨酸）可能对甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢途径有很大影响。此外，差异表达基因（ ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， 和 ）和显著变化脂质（棕榈油酸、亚油酸、花生四烯酸和二十碳二烯酸）在脂肪酸生物合成和脂肪酸代谢中起重要作用。因此，宁乡猪、巴克夏猪和F代猪之间脂肪沉积的差异可能是由多个富集的KEGG途径中关键基因表达模式的差异引起的。本研究揭示了多种可能作为生物学指标的脂质，并筛选出了作为分子设计育种潜在靶点的关键基因。该研究还探讨了宁乡猪、巴克夏猪和F代猪脂肪沉积差异的分子机制，为未来育种策略中背膘厚度和脂肪组织脂肪组成的选择提供了思路。
