Lima Jordaanny Danyelly Pereira, Torino Aline Borges, Silva Luciana Maria da, Nascimento Júnior Lucas Freitas do, Brito Marlete Ferreira de, Costa Kátia Aparecida de Pinho, Silva Bruno Montoani, Severiano Eduardo da Costa
Graduate Program in Agricultural Sciences/Agronomy, Instituto Federal Goiano, Rio Verde 75901-970, Brazil.
Departament of Soil Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Nov 1;12(21):3746. doi: 10.3390/plants12213746.
Soybean is one of the most widely grown crops in the world and technologies are increasingly needed to increase productivity without impacting environmental degradation. In this context, the aim was to evaluate the action of forage plants of the genus sp. in crop-livestock integration on physical soil, agronomic and environmental aspects of soybean cultivation. The experiment was conducted in a subdivided plot design with seven integrated systems corresponding to the previous cultivation of Paiaguas palisadegrass, Xaraes palisadegrass and Ruziziensis grass in monocropping and intercropped with maize, as well as maize in monocropping. In the subplots, two grass management systems were evaluated: free growth and a grazing simulation cut. The bulk density and least limiting water range were assessed using soil samples and, after the pastures were desiccated when the soybean crop was planted, straw decomposition and plantability. A soil physics diagnosis by the bulk density and least limiting water range showed that the Paiaguas palisadegrass and Xaraes palisadegrass improved the soil environment due to biological soil loosening. The remaining mulch biomass did not affect soybean sowing and the adoption of sp. grass in the off-season, in addition to contributing to the provision of environmental services, and did not compromise grain productivity in succession.
大豆是世界上种植最广泛的作物之一，越来越需要在不影响环境退化的情况下提高产量的技术。在此背景下，目的是评估禾本科属饲料植物在作物-畜牧一体化中对大豆种植的土壤物理、农艺和环境方面的作用。试验采用裂区设计，有七个综合系统，分别对应于单作和与玉米间作的帕亚瓜斯雀稗、沙拉伊斯雀稗和鲁齐兹草的前茬种植，以及单作玉米。在小区中，评估了两种牧草管理系统：自由生长和模拟放牧刈割。使用土壤样本评估容重和最小限制水分范围，并在种植大豆作物时牧草干燥后评估秸秆分解和可种植性。通过容重和最小限制水分范围进行的土壤物理诊断表明，帕亚瓜斯雀稗和沙拉伊斯雀稗由于生物性土壤疏松而改善了土壤环境。剩余的覆盖生物量不影响大豆播种，淡季种植禾本科属牧草除了有助于提供环境服务外，也不会影响后续的谷物产量。
