Liu Xianchen, Liu Zhen-Zhen, Yang Yanyun, Jia Cun-Xian
Center for Public Health Initiatives, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2023 Nov 14. doi: 10.1007/s10578-023-01624-8.
Epidemiological data on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in Chinese adolescents are limited. This study reported the prevalence and associated factors of PMS in a large sample of Chinese adolescents. A total of 5099 adolescent girls who had menarche participated in the baseline survey of Shandong Adolescent Behavior and Health Cohort study in Shandong, China. A self-administered questionnaire was used to ask about PMS, age at menarche, menstrual cycle interval, menstrual flow length, menstrual regularity, period pain, body weight and height, trait anger, stressful life events, and demographics. The mean age of the sample was 15.19 years (SD = 1.32). The overall prevalence of PMS was 24.6%. The prevalence rates of PMS-anxiety, PMS-water retention, PMS-craving, and PMS-depression were 18.9%, 4.0%, 7.9%, and 11.5%, respectively. The most common symptoms were premenstrual irritability (54%) and fatigue (52.5%). Stepwise logistic regression showed that high levels of life stress (OR 2.26), high levels of trait anger (OR 4.65), alcohol consumption (OR 1.28), menstrual cycle interval ≤ 24 days (OR 1.45), and mild (OR 1.50), moderate (OR 2.57) or severe period pain (OR 4.84) were all significantly associated with increased likelihood of PMS. In conclusion, approximately 1 in 4 Chinese adolescent girls suffered from PMS. Multiple psychosocial and menstrual factors were associated with PMS. Further research is needed to understand developmental changes of PMS and its long-term impacts on psychosocial wellbeing in Chinese adolescent girls.
关于中国青少年经前综合征（PMS）的流行病学数据有限。本研究报告了一大样本中国青少年中PMS的患病率及相关因素。共有5099名初潮少女参与了中国山东青少年行为与健康队列研究的基线调查。采用自填问卷询问PMS、初潮年龄、月经周期间隔、经期长度、月经规律性、经期疼痛、体重和身高、特质愤怒、应激性生活事件及人口统计学信息。样本的平均年龄为15.19岁（标准差=1.32）。PMS的总体患病率为24.6%。PMS-焦虑、PMS-水潴留、PMS-渴望和PMS-抑郁的患病率分别为18.9%、4.0%、7.9%和11.5%。最常见的症状是经前易怒（54%）和疲劳（52.5%）。逐步逻辑回归显示，高水平的生活压力（比值比2.26）、高水平的特质愤怒（比值比4.65）、饮酒（比值比1.28）、月经周期间隔≤24天（比值比1.45）以及轻度（比值比1.50）、中度（比值比2.57）或重度经期疼痛（比值比4.84）均与PMS发生可能性增加显著相关。总之，约四分之一的中国青少年女性患有PMS。多种心理社会因素和月经因素与PMS相关。需要进一步研究以了解中国青少年女性PMS的发育变化及其对心理社会幸福感的长期影响。
