Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Arch Womens Ment Health. 2022 Oct;25(5):903-910. doi: 10.1007/s00737-022-01261-5. Epub 2022 Aug 26.
Premenstrual symptoms, including physical and mood symptoms, affect a large proportion of women worldwide. Data on premenstrual symptoms across nations and age groups is limited. In the present study, we leveraged a large international dataset to explore patterns in premenstrual symptom frequency with age. A survey was administered to users of the Flo mobile application (app), aged 18 to 55. The survey queried app users about a range of premenstrual symptoms. Respondents were asked whether they experienced each symptom every menstrual cycle, some cycles, or never. Age was also captured and categorized as 18-27, 28-37, 38-47, 48-55. Data was summarized and Pearson's chi square test for count data assessed differences in symptom frequency by age group. A sample of 238,114 app users from 140 countries responded to the survey. The most common symptoms reported were food cravings (85.28%), mood swings or anxiety (64.18%), and fatigue (57.3%). Absentmindedness, low libido, sleep changes, gastrointestinal symptoms, weight gain, headaches, sweating or hot flashes, fatigue, hair changes, rashes, and swelling were significantly more frequent with increasing age (p's < 0.001). Mood swings and anxiety did not vary by age group. Of the respondents, 28.61% reported that premenstrual symptoms interfered with their everyday life each menstrual cycle. In a large international sample, the majority of women reported premenstrual food cravings, mood changes, and fatigue every menstrual cycle. Mood symptoms did not vary by age group, suggesting that premenstrual mood changes are a persistent issue among women of reproductive age.
经前期症状，包括身体和情绪症状，影响着全世界很大一部分女性。关于各国和各年龄组经前期症状的数据有限。在本研究中，我们利用一个大型国际数据集来探讨经前期症状频率随年龄的变化模式。我们对 Flo 移动应用程序（app）的用户进行了一项调查，年龄在 18 至 55 岁之间。该调查询问了 app 用户一系列经前期症状。受访者被问及他们是否每个月经周期、某些周期还是从未经历过每种症状。还记录了年龄，并分为 18-27 岁、28-37 岁、38-47 岁、48-55 岁。对数据进行了总结，并使用卡方检验（Pearson's chi square test）评估了按年龄组划分的症状频率差异。来自 140 个国家的 238114 名 app 用户对该调查做出了回应。报告的最常见症状是食欲增加（85.28%）、情绪波动或焦虑（64.18%）和疲劳（57.3%）。健忘、性欲降低、睡眠改变、胃肠道症状、体重增加、头痛、出汗或潮热、疲劳、头发变化、皮疹和肿胀随着年龄的增长而显著更为常见（p 值均<0.001）。情绪波动和焦虑在不同年龄组之间没有差异。在受访者中，28.61%的人报告说经前期症状每个月经周期都影响他们的日常生活。在一个大型国际样本中，大多数女性报告说经前期有食欲增加、情绪变化和疲劳，每个月经周期都会出现这些症状。情绪症状在不同年龄组之间没有差异，这表明经前期情绪变化是育龄妇女的一个持续问题。
