Department of Geological Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey.
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Nov 16;195(12):1484. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-12118-4.
In this study, the water quality of the Yağlıdere Stream passing through Espiye (Giresun-NE Turkey) and Yağlıdere districts, where old and new mining activities are present, was evaluated, and characterized by using the water quality index (WQI), multivariate statistical, and GIS techniques. The downstream aquifer of the Yağlıdere Stream, which originates from Erimez Mountains and reaches the sea from the west of Espiye district, meets the domestic and drinking water needs of Yağlıdere and Espiye districts. In addition, activities such as energy production and fish farming are carried out along the stream. Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate the water quality of the stream. In order to evaluate the water quality, 50 water samples were taken from 10 sampling points (5 periods) along the flow direction of the stream. Parameters other than T, DO, Mg, F, NH, CN, and HS show significant spatial variations indicating the influence of geogenic and anthropogenic activities. Some of the investigated parameters (T, DO, Ca, Mg, SO, NH, CN, Fe, Se) exhibit important seasonal variations due to high seasonality in water temperature and water flow. Principal component analysis/factor analysis reveals that the parameters responsible for water quality changes in the Yağlıdere Stream are mainly related to the geogenic structure, mining wastes, agricultural activities, and domestic wastes. According to the WQI values, the water samples taken from the upstream and middle part of the stream are in the water quality between "Excellent" and "Good", on the other hand, in the downstream regions where anthropogenic and geogenic effects are dominant, the water samples are in the quality of "Poor water" and "Unsuitable for drinking". The most effective water quality parameters on WQI are Al, Fe, and Mn and the water quality in the basin is negatively affected by geogenic and anthropogenic effects.
本研究采用水质指数（WQI）、多元统计和 GIS 技术，评估了流经土耳其东北部埃斯皮耶（吉雷松省）和亚利代雷区的亚利代雷河的水质，并对其进行了特征描述。亚利代雷河流经埃尔梅兹山脉，从埃斯皮耶区西部入海，是亚利代雷和埃斯皮耶区的下游含水层，满足了这两个地区的国内和饮用水需求。此外，该河流沿线还开展了能源生产和水产养殖等活动。因此，调查该河流的水质非常重要。为了评估水质，从河流流向的 10 个采样点（5 个时期）采集了 50 个水样。除 T、DO、Mg、F、NH、CN 和 HS 以外的参数显示出显著的空间变化，表明受到了地球化学和人为活动的影响。一些调查参数（T、DO、Ca、Mg、SO、NH、CN、Fe、Se）由于水温和水流的高季节性而呈现出重要的季节性变化。主成分分析/因子分析表明，导致亚利代雷河水质变化的参数主要与地球化学结构、采矿废物、农业活动和生活废物有关。根据 WQI 值，从河流上游和中游采集的水样水质介于“优秀”和“良好”之间，而在下游地区，人为和地球化学效应占主导地位，水样水质为“较差水”和“不适宜饮用”。对 WQI 影响最大的水质参数是 Al、Fe 和 Mn，流域的水质受到地球化学和人为效应的负面影响。
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