Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States; Department of Clinical Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States; Department of Clinical Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Adv Clin Chem. 2023;117:209-222. doi: 10.1016/bs.acc.2023.08.001. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
Lead has been a known source of toxicity for millennia due to widespread use until the 20th century. Consequently, there remains significant, though decreasing, exposure to lead throughout the world. Clinical signs and symptoms of lead toxicity are well-documented but is particularly concerning for children six years of age and under, as brain development is rapid and therefore, is likely to be affected by even low levels of lead. Therefore, in the United States, it is recommended that young children to be routinely screened for blood lead levels. Blood lead levels can be measured by various methods in laboratories with blood collection greatly impacting possible lead contamination of samples. The history, presentation, and laboratory testing methodologies will be discussed.
由于铅在 20 世纪前被广泛使用，因此它是一种已知的毒性来源，存在了数千年。因此，全世界仍然存在着大量的铅暴露，尽管这种暴露在逐渐减少。铅毒性的临床症状和体征已有详细记录，但对于 6 岁及以下的儿童尤其令人担忧，因为大脑发育迅速，因此即使是低水平的铅也可能对其产生影响。因此，在美国，建议对幼儿进行例行的血铅水平筛查。血铅水平可以通过实验室中的各种方法进行测量，而血液采集对样本可能受到铅污染的影响很大。本文将讨论铅暴露的历史、临床表现和实验室检测方法。
