Golikov Alexey V, Gudmundsson Gudmundur, Blicher Martin E, Jørgensen Lis L, Korneeva Ekaterina I, Olafsdottir Steinunn H, Shagimardanova Elena I, Shigapova Leyla H, Zakharov Denis V, Zimina Olga L, Sabirov Rushan M
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
Collections and Systematics Department, Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urriðaholtsstræti 6-8, 210, Gardabaer, Iceland.
Zoological Lett. 2023 Nov 16;9(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s40851-023-00220-x.
We report two Arctic species of incirrate octopods new to science. One is formally described here as Muusoctopus aegir Golikov, Gudmundsson & Sabirov sp. nov. while the other, Muusoctopus sp. 1, is not formally described due to a limited number of samples (all are immature individuals). These two species differ from each other, and from other Muusoctopus, especially in: 1) absence of stylets (in M. aegir sp. nov.); 2) proportions of mantle and head; 3) funnel organ morphology (W-shaped with medial and marginal limbs of equal length in M. aegir sp. nov., or medial are slightly longer; V V-shaped with medial limbs slightly longer and broader than marginal in Muusoctopus sp. 1); 4) sucker and gill lamellae counts; 5) relative arm length and sucker diameter; and 6) male reproductive system relative size and morphology. Species of Muusoctopus now comprise four of 12 known Arctic cephalopods. Additionally, this study provides: a) new data on the morphology and reproductive biology of M. johnsonianus and M. sibiricus, and a diagnosis of M. sibiricus; b) the equations to estimate mantle length and body mass from beak measurements of M. aegir sp. nov. and M. johnsonianus; c) a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene barcode for M. sibiricus; d) new data on the ecology and distribution of all studied species; and e) a data table for the identification of northern North Atlantic and Arctic species of Muusoctopus.
我们报告了两种科学界新发现的北极无鳍章鱼物种。其中一种在此正式描述为穆氏章鱼属的埃吉尔穆氏章鱼（Muusoctopus aegir Golikov, Gudmundsson & Sabirov sp. nov.），而另一种穆氏章鱼属物种1（Muusoctopus sp. 1），由于样本数量有限（均为未成熟个体）未正式描述。这两个物种彼此不同，也与其他穆氏章鱼不同，特别是在以下方面：1）无口针（在埃吉尔穆氏章鱼新物种中）；2）外套膜和头部的比例；3）漏斗器官形态（埃吉尔穆氏章鱼新物种中呈W形，中间和边缘肢长度相等，或中间肢稍长；穆氏章鱼属物种1中呈V形，中间肢比边缘肢稍长且宽）；4）吸盘和鳃片数量；5）相对臂长和吸盘直径；6）雄性生殖系统的相对大小和形态。穆氏章鱼属的物种现在占已知北极头足类动物的12种中的4种。此外，本研究提供了：a）关于约翰逊穆氏章鱼（M. johnsonianus）和西伯利亚穆氏章鱼（M. sibiricus）的形态学和生殖生物学的新数据，以及西伯利亚穆氏章鱼的诊断；b）根据埃吉尔穆氏章鱼新物种和约翰逊穆氏章鱼的喙测量值估算外套膜长度和体重的方程；c）西伯利亚穆氏章鱼的细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I基因条形码；d）所有研究物种的生态和分布的新数据；e）用于识别北大西洋北部和北极穆氏章鱼属物种的数据表。
