Telegina T A, Vechtomova Yuliya L, Aybush A V, Buglak A A, Kritsky M S
Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninsky Prospect, Building 2, 119071 Moscow, Russia.
N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Biophys Rev. 2023 Oct 11;15(5):887-906. doi: 10.1007/s12551-023-01156-4. eCollection 2023 Oct.
In nature, carotenoids are present as - and -isomers. Various physical and chemical factors like light, heat, acids, catalytic agents, and photosensitizers can contribute to the isomerization of carotenoids. Living organisms in the process of evolution have developed different mechanisms of adaptation to light stress, which can also involve isomeric forms of carotenoids. Particularly, light stress conditions can enhance isomerization processes. The purpose of this work is to review the recent studies on isomerization of carotenoids as well as the role of carotenoid isomers for the light capture, energy transfer, photoprotection in light-harvesting complexes, and reaction centers of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants and other photosynthetic organisms. The review also presents recent studies of carotenoid isomers for the biomedical aspects, showing and isomers differ in bioavailability, antioxidant activity and biological activity, which can be used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.
在自然界中，类胡萝卜素以顺式和反式异构体的形式存在。各种物理和化学因素，如光、热、酸、催化剂和光敏剂，都可能导致类胡萝卜素的异构化。在进化过程中，生物已经发展出不同的适应光胁迫的机制，这也可能涉及类胡萝卜素的异构体形式。特别是，光胁迫条件会增强异构化过程。这项工作的目的是综述关于类胡萝卜素异构化的最新研究，以及类胡萝卜素异构体在植物和其他光合生物的光合机构的捕光复合体和反应中心中的光捕获、能量转移、光保护作用。该综述还介绍了类胡萝卜素异构体在生物医学方面的最新研究，表明顺式和反式异构体在生物利用度、抗氧化活性和生物活性方面存在差异，可用于治疗和预防目的。
