Mahasneh Zeinab M H, Abuajamieh Mohannad, Abdelqader Anas, Al-Qaisi Mohmmad, Abedal-Majed Mohamed A, Al-Tamimi Hosam, Zakaria Hana, Al-Fataftah Abdur-Rahman A
Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Jun 17;11:1410580. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1410580. eCollection 2024.
High temperatures have detrimental effects on the performance and physiology of broiler chickens. Medicinal plants have various biological activities and may enhance the heat resistance of chickens during heat waves. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential roles of using specific local medicinal plants to alleviate the negative impacts of heat stress (HS) in broilers. In this study, 180 day-old chicks were used to investigate the effects of HS and dietary indigenous medicinal plants on growth performance, antioxidant biomarkers, and intestinal health. The chicks were assigned to six groups (18 pens with 10 chicks per pen) with three replicates each. In the first group, the chicks were kept under thermoneutral conditions (CON) and fed a basal diet. The other five groups were exposed to recurrent heat stress and fed a basal diet (T1, HS group) or supplemented with Artemisia Sieberi (1.25 g/kg of feed; T2), Achillea Fragrantissima (15 g/kg of feed; T3), (10 g/kg of feed; T4), and all the previous additives (all-in-one) combined at the same dose levels mentioned above (T5). At 21 days of age, the chicks from each group were exposed to two phases of heat stress: phase 1 from days 21 to 34 (34 ± 1°C) followed by phase 2 from days 35 to 39 (37 ± 1°C). The results indicate that HS significantly increased rectal temperature and respiration rate in broiler chickens. Feed intake and body weight gain were improved in all supplemented groups, while the feed conversion ratio was decreased in response to the dietary inclusion of medicinal plants. Additionally, glutathione peroxidase and immunoglobulin G levels were increased in the T3, T4, and T5 groups compared to the other groups. HS induced significant upregulated in the mRNA levels of heat shock protein 70 and interleukin-8, while the mRNA of occludin was decreased. The T3, T4, and T5 showed significantly decreased expression of hepatic HSP70 and ileum IL-8 genes and increased ileum mRNA occludin levels relative to the CON and T1 groups. In conclusion, supplementation with these plants enhances growth performance and maintains intestinal health sustaining the productivity of broiler chickens under HS conditions.
高温对肉鸡的生产性能和生理机能具有不利影响。药用植物具有多种生物活性，可能会增强肉鸡在热浪期间的耐热性。因此，本研究旨在探讨使用特定本地药用植物减轻热应激（HS）对肉鸡负面影响的潜在作用。在本研究中，选用180只1日龄雏鸡来研究热应激和日粮中本土药用植物对生长性能、抗氧化生物标志物和肠道健康的影响。将雏鸡分为六组（每组18个鸡笼，每个鸡笼10只雏鸡），每组设三个重复。第一组雏鸡饲养在热中性条件下（CON），饲喂基础日粮。其他五组雏鸡暴露于反复热应激环境中，并饲喂基础日粮（T1，热应激组）或添加西伯利蒿（1.25 g/kg饲料；T2）、香叶蓍（15 g/kg饲料；T3）、[此处原文缺失一种植物名称]（10 g/kg饲料；T4），以及将上述所有添加剂按相同剂量水平混合（全合一；T5）。在21日龄时，每组雏鸡经历两个热应激阶段：第1阶段为21至34日龄（34±1°C），随后第2阶段为35至39日龄（37±1°C）。结果表明，热应激显著提高了肉鸡的直肠温度和呼吸频率。所有添加组的采食量和体重增加均有所改善，而日粮中添加药用植物使饲料转化率降低。此外，与其他组相比，T3、T4和T5组的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和免疫球蛋白G水平升高。热应激导致热休克蛋白70和白细胞介素-8的mRNA水平显著上调，而闭锁蛋白的mRNA水平降低。与CON组和T1组相比，T3、T4和T5组肝脏HSP70和回肠IL-8基因的表达显著降低，回肠mRNA闭锁蛋白水平升高。总之，添加这些植物可提高生长性能并维持肠道健康，从而在热应激条件下维持肉鸡的生产性能。
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2021-3-30
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