Shih Y, Chao S Y
Rev Infect Dis. 1986 Nov-Dec;8(6):984-90.
During the period 1958-1983, 986 outbreaks of botulism occurred in China, affecting 4,377 individuals and resulting in 548 deaths. The initial cases of botulism were found in Xinjiang province, where the incidence was highest. Outbreaks have occurred in all of the northern provinces and in some of the southern provinces of China. The toxin found most frequently in the northwest region of China was type A; in north China, type B; and in the northeast, type E. The most frequently offending food was home-made strong-smelling preserved bean curd, which was implicated in 74% of the outbreaks. The complex clinical manifestations of botulism can be grouped into those affecting the eyes, the mouth, the pharynx, and the skeletal muscles. Following the institution of effective methods of prevention and treatment, epidemics of botulism in China have been controlled and the mortality rate reduced from 41% (1950s) to 7.6% (1983).
1958年至1983年期间,中国共发生986起肉毒中毒事件,涉及4377人,导致548人死亡。肉毒中毒的首例病例发现于发病率最高的新疆维吾尔自治区。中国北方各省及部分南方省份均有疫情发生。在中国西北地区最常发现的毒素类型为A型;华北地区为B型;东北地区为E型。最常引发中毒的食物是家庭自制的臭豆腐,在74%的疫情中涉及该食物。肉毒中毒复杂的临床表现可分为影响眼部、口腔、咽部及骨骼肌的症状。随着有效防治方法的实施,中国的肉毒中毒疫情已得到控制,死亡率从20世纪50年代的41%降至1983年的7.6%。