Yalçınkaya Berkay, Ocak Hasan, Çolak Ahmet Furkan, Özçakar Levent
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkiye.
J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2024 Jan;41(1):45-47. doi: 10.12701/jyms.2023.01018. Epub 2023 Nov 21.
Peripheral nerves may be affected or injured for several reasons. Peripheral nerve damage can result from trauma, surgery, anatomical abnormalities, entrapment, systemic diseases, or iatrogenic injuries. Trauma and iatrogenic injuries are the most common causes. The ulnar, median, and radial nerves are the most injured nerves in the upper extremities, while the sciatic and peroneal nerves are the most injured nerves in the lower extremities. The clinical symptoms of peripheral nerve damage include pain, weakness, numbness/tingling, and paresthesia. Therefore, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of peripheral nerve injuries are crucial. If a peripheral nerve injury is left untreated, it can lead to severe complications and significant morbidity. The sciatic nerve is one of the most affected nerves. This nerve is generally injured by trauma and iatrogenic causes. Children are more susceptible to trauma than adults. Therefore, sciatic nerve injuries are observed in pediatric patients. When the sciatic nerve is damaged, pain, weakness, sensory loss, and gait disturbances can occur. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of sciatic nerve injuries are important to avoid unexpected consequences. Ultrasound can play an important role in the diagnosis of peripheral nerve injury and the follow-up of patients. The aim of this case report is twofold. First, we aimed to emphasize the critical role of ultrasonographic evaluation in the diagnosis of peripheral nerve injuries and pathologies. Second, we aimed to present this case, which has distinguishing features, such as the existence of periostitis ossificans progressiva with sciatic neurotmesis due to a traumatic glass injury.
周围神经可能由于多种原因受到影响或损伤。周围神经损伤可由创伤、手术、解剖异常、卡压、全身性疾病或医源性损伤引起。创伤和医源性损伤是最常见的原因。尺神经、正中神经和桡神经是上肢最易受损的神经，而坐骨神经和腓总神经是下肢最易受损的神经。周围神经损伤的临床症状包括疼痛、无力、麻木/刺痛和感觉异常。因此，早期诊断和适当治疗周围神经损伤至关重要。如果周围神经损伤得不到治疗，可能会导致严重并发症和显著的发病率。坐骨神经是最易受影响的神经之一。该神经通常因创伤和医源性原因而受损。儿童比成人更容易受到创伤。因此，小儿患者中可观察到坐骨神经损伤。当坐骨神经受损时，可出现疼痛、无力、感觉丧失和步态障碍。因此，坐骨神经损伤的诊断和治疗对于避免意外后果很重要。超声在周围神经损伤的诊断和患者随访中可发挥重要作用。本病例报告有两个目的。首先，我们旨在强调超声评估在周围神经损伤和病变诊断中的关键作用。其次，我们旨在呈现这个具有独特特征的病例，例如因外伤性玻璃损伤导致进行性骨化性骨膜炎合并坐骨神经断裂。
