Hymowitz T
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1986;199:291-8. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4757-0022-0_18.
The major trypsin inhibitor present in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] seed is the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor or soybean trypsin inhibitor A2 (SBTI-A2). Four forms of SBTI-A2 have been identified in the U.S. soybean germplasm collection. Three of the forms designated Ti(a), Ti(b), and Ti(c) are electrophoretically distinguishable from one another by their different Rf values of 0.79, 0.75, and 0.83, respectively. The three forms are inherited as codominant alleles in a multiple allelic series at a single locus. The fourth form which is the absence of SBTI-A2 is found in P.I. 157440 and P.I. 196168. The allele lacking SBTI-A2 is designated ti and is inherited as a simple recessive to the other three SBTI-A2 forms. Tia is the most common SBTI-A2 allele in the germplasm collection. Ti(b) primarily is found in Japan and Korea. Ti(c) is associated with the Tohoku District, Japan. P.I. 157440 and P.I. 196168 are from Korea. Linkage studies revealed that the Ti and Ap loci are linked by 16.2 +/- 1.5 map units. Three isolines of soybeans lacking the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor, derived by backcrossing P.I. 157440 to three commercial cultivars (Ti(a)Ti(a)), were released to the research community. Results of preliminary feeding trials, with chicks and young pigs, revealed that gain/feed was significantly higher in lines lacking the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor than cultivars containing the inhibitor. However, the gain/feed was lower in both feeds than commercially processed soybean meal.
大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merrill]种子中存在的主要胰蛋白酶抑制剂是库尼兹胰蛋白酶抑制剂或大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂A2（SBTI-A2）。在美国大豆种质收集中已鉴定出四种SBTI-A2形式。其中三种形式分别命名为Ti(a)、Ti(b)和Ti(c)，通过它们不同的Rf值（分别为0.79、0.75和0.83）在电泳上可相互区分。这三种形式在单个位点的多个等位基因系列中作为共显性等位基因遗传。在P.I. 157440和P.I. 196168中发现了第四种形式，即不存在SBTI-A2。缺乏SBTI-A2的等位基因被命名为ti，作为简单隐性基因遗传，相对于其他三种SBTI-A2形式。Tia是种质收集中最常见的SBTI-A2等位基因。Ti(b)主要在日本和韩国发现。Ti(c)与日本东北地区有关。P.I. 157440和P.I. 196168来自韩国。连锁研究表明，Ti和Ap位点以16.2±1.5个图距单位连锁。通过将P.I. 157440与三个商业品种（Ti(a)Ti(a)）回交获得的三个缺乏库尼兹胰蛋白酶抑制剂的大豆近等基因系已提供给研究界。对雏鸡和幼猪进行的初步饲养试验结果表明，缺乏库尼兹胰蛋白酶抑制剂的品系的增重/饲料比显著高于含有该抑制剂的品种。然而，两种饲料的增重/饲料比均低于商业加工的豆粕。
