Department of Psychology, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), 2600 Ramiro Barcelos, Postal Code 90035-003, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, 3801 University, Postal Code H3A 2B4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, 3801 University, Postal Code H3A 2B4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Pine Ave W, Postal Code H3A 1A1, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Appetite. 2024 Feb 1;193:107123. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107123. Epub 2023 Nov 20.
Reinforcement learning (RL) refers to the ability to learn stimulus-response or response-outcome associations relevant to the acquisition of behavioral repertoire and adaptation to the environment. Research data from correlational and case-control studies have shown that obesity is associated with impairments in RL. The aim of the present study was to systematically review how obesity and overweight are associated with RL performance. More specifically, the relationship between high body mass index (BMI) and task performance was explored through the analysis of specific RL processes associated with different physiological, computational, and behavioral manifestations. Our systematic analyses indicate that obesity might be associated with impairments in the use of aversive outcomes to change ongoing behavior, as revealed by results involving instrumental negative reinforcement and extinction/reversal learning, but further research needs to be conducted to confirm this association. Hypotheses regarding how obesity might be associated with altered RL were discussed.
强化学习（RL）是指与获得行为能力和适应环境相关的刺激-反应或反应-结果关联的学习能力。来自相关性和病例对照研究的数据表明，肥胖与 RL 受损有关。本研究旨在系统地综述肥胖和超重与 RL 表现之间的关系。更具体地说，通过分析与不同生理、计算和行为表现相关的特定 RL 过程，探索了高体重指数（BMI）与任务表现之间的关系。我们的系统分析表明，肥胖可能与使用厌恶结果来改变正在进行的行为有关，这一点可以从涉及工具性负强化和消退/反转学习的结果中得到证实，但需要进一步的研究来证实这种关联。讨论了关于肥胖如何与改变 RL 相关的假设。
