Zaman Qamar U, Raza Ali, Lozano-Juste Jorge, Chao Li, Jones Michael G K, Wang Hua-Feng, Varshney Rajeev K
School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan Yazhou-Bay Seed Laboratory, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and High-Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, School of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xudong 2nd Road, Wuhan 430062, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Trends Biotechnol. 2024 May;42(5):560-574. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.10.007. Epub 2023 Nov 21.
The CRISPR/Cas system comprises RNA-guided nucleases, the target specificity of which is directed by Watson-Crick base pairing of target loci with single guide (sg)RNA to induce the desired edits. CRISPR-associated proteins and other engineered nucleases are opening new avenues of research in crops to induce heritable mutations. Here, we review the diversity of CRISPR-associated proteins and strategies to deregulate genome-edited (GEd) crops by considering them to be close to natural processes. This technology ensures yield without penalties, advances plant breeding, and guarantees manipulation of the genome for desirable traits. DNA-free and off-target-free GEd crops with defined characteristics can help to achieve sustainable global food security under a changing climate, but need alignment of international regulations to operate in existing supply chains.
CRISPR/Cas系统由RNA引导的核酸酶组成，其靶向特异性通过靶位点与单向导（sg）RNA的沃森-克里克碱基配对来引导，以诱导所需的编辑。CRISPR相关蛋白和其他工程核酸酶正在为作物研究开辟新途径，以诱导可遗传的突变。在这里，我们通过将基因组编辑（GEd）作物视为接近自然过程，来回顾CRISPR相关蛋白的多样性以及解除对其管制的策略。这项技术确保产量不受影响，推动植物育种，并保证对基因组进行理想性状的操作。具有明确特征的无DNA和无脱靶的GEd作物有助于在气候变化的情况下实现全球可持续粮食安全，但需要协调国际法规以便在现有供应链中运作。
