Department of Health, Behavior and Society, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA.
J Aging Health. 2023 Oct;35(9_suppl):26S-39S. doi: 10.1177/08982643231163907.
Processing speed is essential to functional independence in later life, such as driving a vehicle. Few studies have examined processing speed and driving mobility in the context of racial differences and social determinants of health (SDoH). This study characterized the longitudinal association between processing speed and driving mobility, and how it varied by race and SDoH. Using data from the control arm of the Advanced Cognitive Training in Vital Elderly study ( = 581, 24.5% Black), multilevel models examined longitudinal associations between processing speed and driving mobility outcomes (driving space, exposure, and difficulty). Race and SDoH moderations were explored. Decline in processing speed measures was associated with increased self-reported driving difficulty, but only for older adults with below-average to average scores for neighborhood and built environments and social community context SDoH domains. Findings emphasize the influence of physical and social environmental characteristics on processing speed and driving mobility.
处理速度对于老年人的功能独立性至关重要，例如驾驶车辆。很少有研究在种族差异和健康的社会决定因素（SDoH）的背景下检查处理速度和驾驶机动性。本研究描述了处理速度与驾驶机动性之间的纵向关联，以及这种关联如何因种族和 SDoH 而异。 使用来自 Vital Elderly 高级认知训练研究对照臂的数据（n = 581，24.5%为黑人），多层次模型检验了处理速度与驾驶机动性结果（驾驶空间、暴露和难度）之间的纵向关联。探讨了种族和 SDoH 的调节作用。处理速度测量值的下降与自我报告的驾驶困难增加有关，但仅限于邻里和建筑环境以及社会社区环境 SDoH 领域得分低于平均水平和平均水平的老年人。研究结果强调了物理和社会环境特征对处理速度和驾驶机动性的影响。
