The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Pomology (Xinjiang), Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China.
Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2023 Dec;205:108196. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108196. Epub 2023 Nov 21.
Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are NAD(P)-dependent enzymes that oxidize aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. They play crucial roles in various biological processes and plant responses to stress. The impact of high temperatures on jujube quality and yield has been well documented. Nevertheless, the involvement of ALDHs in the response to heat stress remains poorly understood. This study aimed to identify ZjALDHs in the jujube genome (Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa) and conducted in silico analyses. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that ALDHs in plants, including jujube, can be divided into ten families, and members from the same family share conserved gene and protein structures. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and β-glucuronidase (GUS) histochemical staining were used to analyze the expression patterns of ZjALDHs in response to elevated temperatures. We identified a ZjALDH (ZjALDH3F3) gene displaying a significant upregulation and down-regulation, respectively in heat-resistant (HR) and heat-sensitive (HS) jujube in response to heat treatments. Such specific responses are probably attributed to the different heat-responsive cis-elements of ZjALDH3F3 in HR and HS jujubes. ZjALDH3F3 over-expressed in tobacco increased heat tolerance, as evidenced by the reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevated activity of antioxidant enzymes. The qRT-PCR results indicated that the expression of antioxidant enzymes, abscisic acid (ABA), and stress-responsive genes was enhanced in transgenic tobacco. This study sheds novel light on the function of ZjALDHs in heat resistance of jujube.
醛脱氢酶（ALDHs）是依赖 NAD（P）的酶，可氧化脂肪族和芳香族醛。它们在各种生物过程和植物对胁迫的反应中发挥着关键作用。高温对枣树品质和产量的影响已有大量文献记载。然而，ALDHs 参与热应激反应的机制仍知之甚少。本研究旨在鉴定枣树基因组（Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa）中的 ZjALDHs，并进行计算机分析。系统发育分析表明，植物中的 ALDHs，包括枣树，可分为十个家族，同一家族的成员具有保守的基因和蛋白结构。定量实时 PCR（qRT-PCR）和β-葡萄糖醛酸酶（GUS）组织化学染色用于分析 ZjALDHs 对高温的表达模式。我们鉴定了一个 ZjALDH（ZjALDH3F3）基因，在耐热（HR）和热敏（HS）枣树中对热处理分别表现出显著的上调和下调。这种特异的反应可能归因于 HR 和 HS 枣树中 ZjALDH3F3 的不同热响应顺式元件。ZjALDH3F3 在烟草中过表达可提高耐热性，这表现为活性氧（ROS）积累减少和抗氧化酶活性升高。qRT-PCR 结果表明，转基因烟草中抗氧化酶、脱落酸（ABA）和应激响应基因的表达增强。本研究为 ZjALDHs 在枣树耐热性中的功能提供了新的认识。
