Sanchez-Vicente Santiago, Tokarz Rafal
Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Pathogens. 2023 Nov 20;12(11):1371. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12111371.
Co-infections are a poorly understood aspect of tick-borne diseases. In the United States alone, nineteen different tick-borne pathogens have been identified. The majority of these agents are transmitted by only two tick species, and . Surveillance studies have demonstrated the presence of multiple pathogens in individual ticks suggesting a risk of polymicrobial transmission to humans. However, relatively few studies have explored this relationship and its impact on human disease. One of the key factors for this deficiency are the intrinsic limitations associated with molecular and serologic assays employed for the diagnosis of tick-borne diseases. Limitations in the sensitivity, specificity and most importantly, the capacity for inclusion of multiple agents within a single assay represent the primary challenges for the accurate detection of polymicrobial tick-borne infections. This review will focus on outlining these limitations and discuss potential solutions for the enhanced diagnosis of tick-borne co-infections.
共感染是蜱传疾病中一个了解甚少的方面。仅在美国，就已鉴定出19种不同的蜱传病原体。这些病原体中的大多数仅由两种蜱传播，即[蜱的种类1]和[蜱的种类2]。监测研究表明，单个蜱中存在多种病原体，这表明存在向人类传播多种微生物的风险。然而，相对较少的研究探讨了这种关系及其对人类疾病的影响。造成这一不足的关键因素之一是用于诊断蜱传疾病的分子和血清学检测方法存在内在局限性。灵敏度、特异性方面的局限性，最重要的是，单次检测中包含多种病原体的能力，是准确检测多种微生物蜱传感染的主要挑战。本综述将重点概述这些局限性，并讨论增强蜱传共感染诊断的潜在解决方案。
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