School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Molecules. 2023 Nov 9;28(22):7511. doi: 10.3390/molecules28227511.
is a valuable edible and medicinal mushroom with antitumor, hepatoprotective, and antiviral effects that play a role in intestinal flora regulation. Spore-inoculation submerged fermentation has become the most efficient and well-known artificial culture process for . In this study, a specific low-molecular compound named 1,8-cineole (cineole) from Hay was first reported to have remarkably promoted the asexual sporulation of in submerged fermentation (AcSmF). Then, RNA sequencing, real-time quantitative PCR, and a literature review were performed to predict the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the cineole-promoted sporulation of AcSmF. The available evidence supports the hypothesis that after receiving the signal of cineole through cell receptors Wsc1 and Mid2, Pkc1 promoted the expression levels of and and facilitated their transfer to the cell wall integrity (CWI) signal pathway, and in turn promoted the sporulation of AcSmF. Moreover, cineole changed the membrane functional state of the cell and thus activated the heat stress response by the CWI pathway. Then, heat shock protein 90 and its chaperone Cdc37 promoted the expression of and thus promoting sporulation of AcSmF. In addition, cineole promoted the expression of , , and through the transcription factor NCP1 and inhibited the expression of through the ammonium permease of MEP, finally promoting the sporulation of AcSmF. This study may improve the efficiency of the inoculum (spores) preparation of AcSmF and thereby enhance the production benefits of .
蛹虫草是一种具有抗肿瘤、保肝和抗病毒作用的珍贵食用药用真菌，在调节肠道菌群方面发挥作用。孢子接种液体深层发酵已成为蛹虫草最有效和知名的人工培养方法。在本研究中，首次报道了蛹虫草中一种特定的低分子量化合物 1,8-桉叶油醇（桉油精）显著促进了液体深层发酵（AcSmF）中蛹虫草的无性孢子形成。然后，进行了 RNA 测序、实时定量 PCR 和文献综述，以预测桉油精促进 AcSmF 孢子形成的分子调控机制。现有证据支持以下假说：通过细胞受体 Wsc1 和 Mid2 接收桉油精信号后，Pkc1 促进 和 的表达水平，并促进它们转移到细胞壁完整性（CWI）信号通路，进而促进 AcSmF 的孢子形成。此外，桉油精改变了 细胞的膜功能状态，从而通过 CWI 途径激活热应激反应。然后，热休克蛋白 90 和其伴侣 Cdc37 促进 和 的表达，从而促进 AcSmF 的孢子形成。此外，桉油精通过转录因子 NCP1 促进 和 的表达，并通过 MEP 的铵渗透酶抑制 的表达，最终促进 AcSmF 的孢子形成。本研究可能提高 AcSmF 接种物（孢子）制备的效率，从而提高蛹虫草的生产效益。
