使用移动生态瞬时评估了解在线食品配送使用的消费和背景：试点可行性和可接受性研究。

Using Mobile Ecological Momentary Assessment to Understand Consumption and Context Around Online Food Delivery Use: Pilot Feasibility and Acceptability Study.

机构信息

School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Nutrition and Dietetics, Sydney School of Nursing, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

出版信息

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2023 Nov 29;11:e49135. doi: 10.2196/49135.

DOI:10.2196/49135

PMID:38019563

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10719819/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Mobile ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is a powerful tool for collecting real-time and contextual data from individuals. As our reliance on online technologies to increase convenience accelerates, the way we access food is changing. Online food delivery (OFD) services may further encourage unhealthy food consumption habits, given the high availability of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods. We used EMA to understand the real-time effects of OFD on individuals' food choices and consumption behaviors.

OBJECTIVE

The primary aims of this pilot study were to assess the feasibility and acceptability of using EMA in young users of OFD and compare 2 different EMA sampling methods. The secondary aims were to gather data on OFD events and their context and examine any correlations between demographics, lifestyle chronic disease risk factors, and OFD use.

METHODS

This study used EMA methods via a mobile app (mEMASense, ilumivu Inc). Existing users of OFD services aged 16 to 35 years in Australia who had access to a smartphone were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: signal-contingent or event-contingent. The signal-contingent group was monitored over 3 days between 7 AM and 10 PM. They received 5 prompts each day to complete EMA surveys via the smartphone app. In contrast, the event-contingent group was monitored over 7 days and was asked to self-report any instance of OFD.

RESULTS

A total of 102 participants were analyzed, with 53 participants in the signal-contingent group and 49 participants in the event-contingent group. Compliance rates, indicating the feasibility of signal-contingent and event-contingent protocols, were similar at 72.5% (574/792) and 73.2% (251/343), respectively. Feedback from the participants suggested that the EMA app was not easy to use, which affected their acceptability of the study. Participants in the event-contingent group were 3.53 (95% CI 1.52-8.17) times more likely to have had an OFD event captured during the study. Pizza (23/124, 18.5%) and fried chicken (18/124, 14.5%) comprised a bulk of the 124 OFD orders captured. Most orders were placed at home (98/124, 79%) for 1 person (68/124, 54.8%). Age (incidence rate ratio 0.95, 95% CI 0.91-0.99; P=.03) and dependents (incidence rate ratio 2.01, 95% CI 1.16-3.49; P=.01) were significantly associated with the number of OFD events in a week after adjusting for gender, socioeconomic status, diet quality score, and perceived stress levels.

CONCLUSIONS

This pilot study showed that EMA using an event-contingent sampling approach may be a better method to capture OFD events and context than signal-contingent sampling. The compliance rates showed that both sampling methods were feasible and acceptable. Although the findings from this study have gathered some insight on the consumption and context of OFD in young people, further studies are required to develop targeted interventions.

摘要

背景

移动生态瞬时评估（EMA）是一种从个体实时获取和情境数据的强大工具。随着我们对在线技术便利性的依赖加速，我们获取食物的方式正在发生变化。在线食品配送（OFD）服务可能会进一步助长不健康的饮食习惯，因为高能、低营养的食物更容易获得。我们使用 EMA 来了解 OFD 对个体食物选择和消费行为的实时影响。

目的

本研究的主要目的是评估 EMA 在 OFD 年轻用户中的可行性和可接受性，并比较 2 种不同的 EMA 抽样方法。次要目的是收集 OFD 事件及其背景的数据，并检查人口统计学、生活方式慢性病风险因素与 OFD 使用之间的任何相关性。

方法

本研究使用了移动应用程序（mEMASense，ilumivu Inc）的 EMA 方法。澳大利亚年龄在 16 至 35 岁之间、使用 OFD 服务且有智能手机的现有用户被招募入组。参与者被随机分配到 2 组中的 1 组：信号触发或事件触发。信号触发组在上午 7 点至晚上 10 点之间被监测 3 天。他们每天收到 5 次提示，通过智能手机应用程序完成 EMA 调查。相比之下，事件触发组被监测了 7 天，并被要求自行报告任何 OFD 事件。

结果

共有 102 名参与者进行了分析，其中信号触发组 53 人，事件触发组 49 人。信号触发和事件触发协议的符合率（表明可行性）分别为 72.5%（574/792）和 73.2%（251/343），相似。参与者的反馈表明 EMA 应用程序不易使用，这影响了他们对研究的接受程度。在研究期间，事件触发组中有 3.53 倍（95%CI 1.52-8.17）更有可能捕捉到 OFD 事件。捕捉到的 124 份 OFD 订单中，披萨（23/124，18.5%）和炸鸡（18/124，14.5%）占了很大比例。大多数订单是在家里（98/124，79%）为 1 个人（68/124，54.8%）点的。年龄（发病率比 0.95，95%CI 0.91-0.99；P=.03）和抚养人数（发病率比 2.01，95%CI 1.16-3.49；P=.01）在调整性别、社会经济地位、饮食质量评分和感知压力水平后，与每周 OFD 事件数量显著相关。