Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Concepción, Chillán, Chile.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2023 Dec 4;32(4):e009923. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612023071. eCollection 2023.
Fasciola hepatica is a parasite with a worldwide distribution that affects several mammals, including humans, and is considered a public health problem. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Fasciola hepatica in humans, cattle and sheep, as well as to evaluate factors associated with the prevalence. A total of 185 serum samples from sheep, 290 from cattle, and 114 from humans were collected and processed using an in-house developed ELISA to detect IgG antibodies against F. hepatica. Additionally, 185 stool samples from sheep and 290 from cattle were examined using a Dennis sedimentation technique. Risk factors were analyzed using epidemiological surveys. The overall seroprevalence was 46.5% (86/185) in sheep, 32.5% (94/289) in cattle, and no humans tested positive for the infection. The coprological prevalence was 47.7% (86/180) in sheep and 33.7% (98/290) in cattle. Female gender and cattle living with alternate grazing management showed 2.5 and 6.5 times higher probability of infection, respectively. Bovines coexisting with sheep exhibited a higher risk of infection (odds ratio [OR]=4.3) compared to those without sheep. We concluded that F. hepatica in cattle and sheep has an endemic behavior, and therefore represents a problem of public health for rural communities.
肝片形吸虫是一种分布广泛的寄生虫，可感染包括人类在内的多种哺乳动物，被认为是一个公共卫生问题。因此，本研究旨在确定肝片形吸虫在人类、牛和羊中的流行情况，并评估与流行情况相关的因素。共采集了 185 份绵羊血清样本、290 份牛血清样本和 114 份人血清样本，使用内部开发的 ELISA 检测 IgG 抗体来检测 F. hepatica。此外，还使用 Dennis 沉淀技术检查了 185 份绵羊粪便样本和 290 份牛粪便样本。采用流行病学调查分析了风险因素。绵羊的总血清阳性率为 46.5%（86/185），牛为 32.5%（94/289），没有人感染。绵羊的粪便阳性率为 47.7%（86/180），牛为 33.7%（98/290）。女性和实行轮牧的牛的感染概率分别增加了 2.5 倍和 6.5 倍。与没有绵羊共存的牛相比，与绵羊共存的牛感染的风险更高（比值比 [OR]=4.3）。我们得出结论，牛和羊中的 F. hepatica 呈地方性流行，因此对农村社区的公共卫生构成了威胁。
