Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Lilongwe P/Bag 2543, Malawi.
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Washington, DC 20005, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Nov 30;20(23):7123. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20237123.
The safety profiles of the Ad26.COV2.S and AZD1222 COVID-19 vaccines have not been described in the general population in Malawi. We present self-reported adverse events (AE) following the receipt of these vaccines in Malawi as part of a national syndromic surveillance survey. We conducted phone-based syndromic surveillance surveys among adults (≥18 years) with verbal consent. We used secure tablets through random digit dialing to select mobile phone numbers and collected data electronically. Survey questions included whether the respondent had received the COVID-19 vaccines, whether they had experienced any AE following vaccination, and the severity of the AE. We used multivariable analysis to identify factors associated with self-reported AE post-COVID-19 vaccination. A total of 11,924 (36.0%) out of 33,150 respondents reported receiving at least one dose of either Ad26.COV2.S or AZD1222 between July-December 2021; of those, 65.1% were female. About 49.2% of the vaccine recipients reported at least one AE, 90.6% of which were mild, and 2.6% were severe. Higher education level and concern about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines were associated with AE self-report (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 2.63 [95% CI 1.96-3.53] and 1.44, [95% CI 1.30-1.61], respectively), while male gender and older age were associated with reduced likelihood of AE self-report (AORs 0.81, [95% CI 0.75-0.88], 0.62 [95% CI 0.50-0.77], respectively). Ad26.COV2.S and AZD1222 vaccines are well-tolerated, with primarily mild and few severe AE among adults living in Malawi. Self-reporting of AE following COVID-19 vaccination is associated with gender, age, education, and concern about the safety of the vaccines. Recognizing these associations is key when designing and implementing COVID-19 vaccination communication messages to increase vaccination coverage.
在马拉维的普通人群中，尚未描述 Ad26.COV2.S 和 AZD1222 新冠疫苗的安全性概况。我们介绍了马拉维在一项全国症状监测调查中，这两种疫苗接种后的自我报告不良事件（AE）。我们对 18 岁及以上的成年人进行了基于电话的症状监测调查，并获得了口头同意。我们通过随机数字拨号使用安全平板电脑选择手机号码，并以电子方式收集数据。调查问题包括受访者是否接种了 COVID-19 疫苗、接种疫苗后是否经历过任何 AE 以及 AE 的严重程度。我们使用多变量分析来确定与 COVID-19 疫苗接种后自我报告 AE 相关的因素。在 2021 年 7 月至 12 月期间，共有 33150 名受访者中的 11924 名（36.0%）报告至少接种了一剂 Ad26.COV2.S 或 AZD1222；其中 65.1%为女性。大约 49.2%的疫苗接种者报告至少有一种 AE，其中 90.6%为轻度，2.6%为重度。较高的教育水平和对 COVID-19 疫苗安全性的关注与 AE 自我报告相关（调整后的优势比[OR]分别为 2.63[95%CI 1.96-3.53]和 1.44[95%CI 1.30-1.61]），而男性性别和年龄较大与 AE 自我报告的可能性降低相关（ORs 分别为 0.81[95%CI 0.75-0.88]和 0.62[95%CI 0.50-0.77]）。Ad26.COV2.S 和 AZD1222 疫苗具有良好的耐受性，在马拉维生活的成年人中，主要是轻度 AE，少数是重度 AE。COVID-19 疫苗接种后 AE 的自我报告与性别、年龄、教育程度和对疫苗安全性的关注有关。在设计和实施 COVID-19 疫苗接种宣传信息以提高疫苗接种率时，认识到这些关联是关键。
