Lemming Eva Warensjö, Pitsi Tagli
Department of Risk and Benefit Assessment, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
Departments of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics and Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Food Nutr Res. 2022 Jun 8;66. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v66.8572. eCollection 2022.
Knowledge about the nutrient intakes and food consumption in the Nordic and Baltic countries is important for the formulation of dietary reference values (DRVs) and food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs), as part of the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2022 project (NNR2022).
To describe nutrient intake and food consumption at a broad level in the adult population of each Nordic and Baltic country. This paper also provides guidance on where to find more information on the nutrient intake and food consumption reported from each country.
Information about the dietary surveys as well as the daily mean intakes was retrieved from the national dietary surveys in each of the Nordic and Baltic countries. Tabulation of the population intakes divided by sex for macronutrients, 20 micronutrients, and for the following broader food groups, Beverages, Cereals, Potatoes, Vegetables, Fruits and berries, Fish and seafood, Meat and meat products, Milk and dairy products, Cheese, Eggs, Fats and oils, and Sweets and sweet bakery products, was done.
The Nordic and Baltic countries share not only similarities but also differences in food consumption patterns, which is reflected in differences in average food consumption and nutrient intakes between the countries. This may be related to the dietary assessment method, prevalence of misreporting, and participation rates in the different dietary surveys. Other factors that may play a role are differences in the calculation procedures in the food composition databases and the definition of food groups.
The nutrient intake and, especially, food consumption differ between the Nordic and Baltic countries because of differences in food patterns and factors related to the dietary surveying, food grouping, and calculation procedures in each country. To facilitate future comparisons between countries, it would be of interest to harmonize food groupings and the age groups reported on.
作为2022年北欧营养建议项目（NNR2022）的一部分，了解北欧和波罗的海国家的营养摄入量和食物消费情况对于制定膳食参考值（DRV）和基于食物的膳食指南（FBDG）至关重要。
描述每个北欧和波罗的海国家成年人群体的营养摄入量和食物消费的大致情况。本文还提供了关于从每个国家报告的营养摄入量和食物消费情况获取更多信息的指导。
从北欧和波罗的海各国的国家膳食调查中检索有关膳食调查以及每日平均摄入量的信息。按性别对人群摄入量进行了列表统计，涉及宏量营养素、20种微量营养素以及以下更广泛的食物类别：饮料、谷物、土豆、蔬菜、水果和浆果、鱼类和海鲜、肉类及肉制品、牛奶和奶制品、奶酪、鸡蛋、油脂以及糖果和甜烘焙食品。
北欧和波罗的海国家在食物消费模式上既有相似之处也有差异，这反映在各国平均食物消费量和营养摄入量的差异上。这可能与膳食评估方法、误报流行率以及不同膳食调查中的参与率有关。其他可能起作用的因素包括食物成分数据库计算程序的差异以及食物类别的定义。
由于各国食物模式以及与膳食调查、食物分组和计算程序相关的因素存在差异，北欧和波罗的海国家的营养摄入量尤其是食物消费量有所不同。为便于未来各国之间的比较，统一食物分组和报告的年龄组会很有意义。
