Wyndham C H, Seftel H C, Pilcher G J, Baker S G
S Afr Med J. 1987 Feb 7;71(3):139-42.
Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) risk factors, with particular reference to familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), were studied in 39 male and 12 female Afrikaners aged 55 years or under in an intensive care unit immediately after an acute myocardial infarction and in the survivors at about 3 months after the infarct. Two major risk factors were found. Firstly, about three-quarters of both male and female patients smoked more than 15 cigarettes daily. Secondly, 51% of males and 37% of females had serum cholesterol values of greater than or equal to 7.0 mmol/l and about 20% of both men and women had levels of greater than or equal to 8.5 mmol/l. Three male and 2 female patients--1:10 of the whole sample--had FH diagnosed by rigorous criteria, a prevalence similar to the figure of 1:8 predicted from the frequency of FH heterozygotes in the Afrikaans-speaking population. None of the other IHD risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes and hyperuricaemia appeared to be important. The role of obesity appeared to be indirect by virtue of its frequent association with and possible contribution to hypercholesterolaemia. Many of the patients had a history of previous IHD episodes.
对39名男性和12名年龄在55岁及以下的女性南非白人进行了研究，这些人在急性心肌梗死后立即入住重症监护病房，并在梗死约3个月后的幸存者中，研究了缺血性心脏病（IHD）的危险因素，特别提到了家族性高胆固醇血症（FH）。发现了两个主要危险因素。首先，大约四分之三的男性和女性患者每天吸烟超过15支。其次，51%的男性和37%的女性血清胆固醇值大于或等于7.0 mmol/l，约20%的男性和女性胆固醇水平大于或等于8.5 mmol/l。3名男性和2名女性患者——占整个样本的1/10——根据严格标准被诊断为FH，其患病率与从南非荷兰语人群中FH杂合子频率预测的1/8这一数字相似。其他IHD危险因素，如高血压、糖尿病和高尿酸血症，似乎并不重要。肥胖的作用似乎是间接的，因为它经常与高胆固醇血症相关并可能导致高胆固醇血症。许多患者有既往IHD发作史。
