Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.
Vector-Borne Disease Section, California Department of Public Health, Sacramento, California.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023 Dec 18;110(1):142-149. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0272. Print 2024 Jan 3.
Flea-borne typhus (FBT), also referred to as murine typhus, is an acute febrile disease in humans caused by the bacteria Rickettsia typhi. Currently, cases of FBT are reported for public health surveillance purposes (i.e., to detect incidence and outbreaks) in a few U.S. states. In California, healthcare providers and testing laboratories are mandated to report to their respective local public health jurisdictions whenever R. typhi or antibodies reactive to R. typhi are detected in a patient, who then report cases to state health department. In this study, we characterize the epidemiology of flea-borne typhus cases in California from 2011 to 2019. A total of 881 cases were reported during this period, with most cases reported among residents of Los Angeles and Orange Counties (97%). Demographics, animal exposures, and clinical courses for case patients were summarized. Additionally, spatiotemporal cluster analyses pointed to five areas in southern California with persistent FBT transmission.
跳蚤传播的斑疹伤寒（FBT），也称鼠型斑疹伤寒，是由细菌立克次体引起的人类急性发热性疾病。目前，一些美国州出于公共卫生监测目的（即检测发病率和疫情爆发）报告 FBT 病例。在加利福尼亚州，医疗保健提供者和检测实验室必须向各自的地方公共卫生部门报告在患者中检测到立氏立克次体或对立氏立克次体有反应的抗体的情况，然后由州卫生部门报告病例。在这项研究中，我们描述了 2011 年至 2019 年加利福尼亚州跳蚤传播的斑疹伤寒病例的流行病学情况。在此期间共报告了 881 例病例，其中大多数病例报告发生在洛杉矶和橙县的居民中（97%）。总结了病例患者的人口统计学、动物接触和临床过程。此外，时空聚类分析指出南加州有五个地区持续存在 FBT 传播。
