van Houte A J, Snippe H, Willers J M
Immunology. 1979 Jun;37(2):505-14.
This paper describes a rather simple coupling method for tripeptide enlarged haptens to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and the incorporation of these conjugates into liposomal model membranes (haptenated liposomes). These haptenated liposomes evoke a hapten-specific humoral immune response in mice. The magnitude of the response as measured by the appearance of direct plaque forming cells in the spleen is dependent on the route of immunization and the dose and epitope density of the hapten-PE derivatives. It was not possible to evoke an IgG response after either primary or secondary immunization with haptenated liposomes (as measured by the production of indirect plaques or mercaptoethanol-resistant antibody). These data, in addition to the observations that mice depleted of, or deficient in thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes respond to haptenated liposomes, indicate that these haptenated liposomes are T-cell independent antigens.
本文描述了一种相当简单的将三肽扩大半抗原与磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）偶联的方法，以及将这些缀合物掺入脂质体模型膜（半抗原化脂质体）的过程。这些半抗原化脂质体在小鼠体内引发半抗原特异性体液免疫反应。通过脾脏中直接形成噬斑细胞的出现来衡量的反应强度取决于免疫途径、半抗原-PE衍生物的剂量和表位密度。用半抗原化脂质体进行初次或二次免疫后，均无法引发IgG反应（通过间接噬斑或巯基乙醇抗性抗体的产生来衡量）。这些数据，以及胸腺来源（T）淋巴细胞缺失或缺陷的小鼠对半抗原化脂质体有反应的观察结果，表明这些半抗原化脂质体是T细胞非依赖性抗原。
