Englyst H N, Cummings J H
Am J Clin Nutr. 1987 Feb;45(2):423-31. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/45.2.423.
Digestion and absorption from the small intestine of starch and nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) (dietary fiber) from potato cooked and treated in various ways have been studied in ileostomy subjects. Test meals (300 g) of potato were fed following 24 h on a plant polysaccharide-free diet. Regardless of the treatment the potato had received, greater than 90% of NSP was recovered in ileostomy effluent. Starch from freshly cooked potato was well digested, only 3% being recovered; however, 12% from cooked and cooled potato escaped digestion in the small intestine. Digestibility of starch made resistant to alpha-amylase by cooling improved on reheating. Overall, 9, 18, and 14% of total carbohydrate fed was recovered from freshly cooked, cooled, and reheated potato, respectively. Digestibility of cooled potato was identical when eaten as large lumps or as finely sieved potato. In vitro studies with pancreatin also demonstrated incomplete digestion of cooled potato.
在回肠造口术患者中,研究了以各种方式烹饪和处理的马铃薯中淀粉和非淀粉多糖(NSP,即膳食纤维)在小肠中的消化和吸收情况。在无植物多糖饮食24小时后,给予含300克马铃薯的试验餐。无论马铃薯接受何种处理,回肠造口术流出物中回收的NSP均超过90%。新鲜煮熟马铃薯中的淀粉消化良好,仅3%被回收;然而,煮熟并冷却的马铃薯中有12%在小肠中未被消化。通过冷却使淀粉对α-淀粉酶产生抗性,重新加热后其消化率提高。总体而言,分别从新鲜煮熟、冷却和重新加热的马铃薯中回收了所喂食总碳水化合物的9%、18%和14%。冷却后的马铃薯以大块或细筛状食用时消化率相同。用胰酶进行的体外研究也表明冷却后的马铃薯消化不完全。