Babják Michal, Königová Alžbeta, Komáromyová Michaela, Kuzmina Tetiana, Nosal Pawel, Várady Marián
Institute of Parasitology of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic.
Department of Parasitology, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, 01054 Kyiv, Ukraine.
J Vet Res. 2023 Dec 19;67(4):575-581. doi: 10.2478/jvetres-2023-0057. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Gastrointestinal nematodes pose a threat to animal health and affect farmers by negatively impacting farm management.
The study was conducted on a sheep farm with suspected reductions in the efficacies of anthelmintics. Efficacy was determined using faecal egg count reduction, egg hatch (EHT) and larval development (LDT) tests. In the first phase, 60 sheep were equally split into six groups. Group 1 received the recommended dose of albendazole (ALB), group 2 received the same after fasting for 24 h, group 3 received the dose divided into two halves at 6 h intervals, group 4 received a double dose of ALB, and group 5 received the recommended dose of ivermectin (IVM). Group 6 served as a control. The second phase of the experiment had two groups: one treated with levamisole (LEV) and a control group. Faecal samples were collected from all sheep.
No reduction of egg output was observed in the groups treated with single, double, or divided doses of ALB, but one of 13.7-16.9% was noted in the fasting group. Efficacy in the IVM group ranged from 31.50 to 39.97%. The mean concentrations sufficient to prevent 50% of the eggs from hatching in the EHT and the mean concentrations in which the development of larvae to the L3 stage was inhibited by 50% in the LDT exceeded established thresholds for benzimidazoles and IVM. was the only species identified after treatment. The LDT did not indicate the presence of resistance to LEV. All animals treated with LEV were negative for eggs 10 d after treatment.
Resistance to ALB and IVM in was confirmed. Alternative approaches to improve the efficacies of benzimidazole did not sufficiently increase the efficacy, but LEV was an efficient anthelmintic treatment.
胃肠道线虫对动物健康构成威胁，并通过对农场管理产生负面影响而影响养殖户。
本研究在一个怀疑驱虫药疗效降低的养羊场进行。使用粪便虫卵计数减少、虫卵孵化（EHT）和幼虫发育（LDT）试验来确定疗效。在第一阶段，60只绵羊平均分为六组。第1组接受推荐剂量的阿苯达唑（ALB），第2组在禁食24小时后接受相同剂量，第3组接受分两次、间隔6小时的剂量，第4组接受双倍剂量的ALB，第5组接受推荐剂量的伊维菌素（IVM）。第6组作为对照。实验的第二阶段有两组：一组用左旋咪唑（LEV）治疗，一组为对照组。从所有绵羊采集粪便样本。
接受单剂量、双剂量或分剂量ALB治疗的组中未观察到产卵量减少，但禁食组中有13.7 - 16.9%的减少。IVM组的疗效在31.50%至39.97%之间。在EHT中足以阻止50%的虫卵孵化的平均浓度以及在LDT中使幼虫发育到L3阶段受到50%抑制的平均浓度超过了苯并咪唑和IVM的既定阈值。治疗后鉴定出的唯一物种是[具体物种未给出]。LDT未表明对LEV有抗性。所有用LEV治疗的动物在治疗后10天虫卵呈阴性。
证实[具体物种未给出]对ALB和IVM有抗性。提高苯并咪唑疗效的替代方法未能充分提高疗效，但LEV是一种有效的驱虫治疗药物。
