College of Business, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Economics, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Jun;31(29):41586-41599. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-31495-4. Epub 2023 Dec 22.
This paper investigates the intricate interplay between carbon emissions and foreign direct investment within the context of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) for the period spanning 2000 to 2022. In our comprehensive analysis, we incorporate ecological footprint, renewable energy, globalization, and technological innovations as exogenous variables. Employing a system of simultaneous equations across the BRICS panel, we aim to fully elucidate the proposed relationships. Our empirical findings underscore the following key insights: foreign direct investment, technological innovations, and the adoption of renewable energy sources significantly contribute to the mitigation of carbon emissions in these selected nations. However, it is essential to note that ecological footprints exhibit a positive association with carbon emissions, raising concerns on two fronts: escalating environmental degradation and increased land pressure, both of which contribute to rising ecological footprints in BRICS countries. Additionally, our analysis reveals that foreign direct investment is influenced by its capacity to reduce carbon emissions and bolster renewable energy adoption, while globalization amplifies investment trends within the BRICS nations. To address the environmental repercussions of mining activities, it is imperative to implement stringent control and regulation measures, given their potential adverse impacts, including soil pollution, acid mine drainage, erosion, biodiversity loss, excessive water resource consumption, and wastewater disposal challenges. Nevertheless, proactive steps such as recycling mining waste, adopting environmentally friendly mining equipment, combatting illegal mining, and enhancing overall mining sustainability offer promising avenues to mitigate the environmental footprint of mining operations.
本文考察了 2000 年至 2022 年期间巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非（金砖国家）的碳排放与外国直接投资之间错综复杂的相互作用。在我们的综合分析中，我们将生态足迹、可再生能源、全球化和技术创新作为外生变量纳入其中。我们采用金砖国家面板的联立方程系统，旨在全面阐明所提出的关系。我们的实证研究结果强调了以下关键见解：外国直接投资、技术创新和可再生能源的采用，显著有助于这些选定国家减少碳排放。然而，必须指出的是，生态足迹与碳排放呈正相关，这在两个方面引起了关注：环境恶化加剧和土地压力增加，这两者都导致了金砖国家生态足迹的上升。此外，我们的分析还揭示了外国直接投资受到其减少碳排放和促进可再生能源采用的能力的影响，而全球化则放大了金砖国家内部的投资趋势。为了应对采矿活动的环境影响，必须采取严格的控制和监管措施，因为这些活动可能会产生负面影响，包括土壤污染、酸性矿山排水、侵蚀、生物多样性丧失、过度水资源消耗和废水处理挑战。然而，采取积极的措施，如回收采矿废物、采用环保型采矿设备、打击非法采矿和提高整体采矿可持续性，为减轻采矿作业的环境足迹提供了有希望的途径。
