采用健康的地中海式饮食模式时食用蘑菇不会影响健康中年和老年人大多数心血管疾病风险因素的短期变化。

Consuming Mushrooms When Adopting a Healthy Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Does Not Influence Short-Term Changes of Most Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors in Healthy Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

机构信息

Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States.

Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana , United States.

出版信息

J Nutr. 2024 Feb;154(2):574-582. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.026. Epub 2023 Dec 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.026

PMID:38135005

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10997904/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Mushrooms are a nutritious food, though knowledge of the effects of mushroom consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors is limited and inconsistent.

OBJECTIVE

We assessed the effects of consuming mushrooms as part of a healthy United States Mediterranean-style dietary pattern (MED) on traditional and emerging cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk factors. We hypothesized that adopting a MED diet with mushrooms would lead to greater improvements in multiple CMD risk factors.

METHODS

Using a randomized, parallel study design, 60 adults (36 females, 24 males; aged 46 ± 12 y; body mass index 28.3 ± 2.84 kg/m, mean ± standard deviation) without diagnosed CMD morbidities consumed a MED diet (all foods provided) without (control with breadcrumbs) or with 84 g/d of Agaricus bisporus (White Button, 4 d/wk) and Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster, 3 d/wk) mushrooms for 8 wk. Fasting baseline and postintervention outcome measurements were traditional CMD risk factors, including blood pressure and fasting serum lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, and insulin. Exploratory CMD-related outcomes included lipoprotein particle sizes and indexes of inflammation.

RESULTS

Adopting the MED-mushroom diet compared with the MED-control diet without mushrooms improved fasting serum glucose (change from baseline -2.9 ± 1.18 compared with 0.6 ± 1.10 mg/dL; time × group P = 0.034). Adopting the MED diet, independent of mushroom consumption, reduced serum total cholesterol (-10.2 ± 3.77 mg/dL; time P = 0.0001). Concomitantly, there was a reduction in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, buoyant HDL2b, and apolipoprotein A1, and an increase in lipoprotein(a) concentrations (main effect of time P < 0.05 for all). There were no changes in other measured CMD risk factors.

CONCLUSIONS

Consuming a Mediterranean-style healthy dietary pattern with 1 serving/d of whole Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms improved fasting serum glucose but did not influence other established or emerging CMD risk factors among middle-aged and older adults classified as overweight or obese but with clinically normal cardiometabolic health.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER

https://www.

CLINICALTRIALS

gov/study/NCT04259229?term=NCT04259229&rank=1.

摘要

背景

蘑菇是一种营养丰富的食物，尽管人们对食用蘑菇对心血管代谢危险因素的影响知之甚少且不一致。

目的

我们评估了将蘑菇作为健康的美国地中海式饮食模式（MED）的一部分进行消费对传统和新兴心血管代谢疾病（CMD）危险因素的影响。我们假设采用含蘑菇的 MED 饮食会导致多种 CMD 风险因素的更大改善。

方法

使用随机、平行研究设计，60 名成年人（36 名女性，24 名男性；年龄 46±12 岁；体重指数 28.3±2.84kg/m2，平均值±标准差）没有诊断出 CMD 疾病，食用 MED 饮食（提供所有食物），没有（含面包屑的对照）或每天 84 克双孢蘑菇（白蘑菇，每周 4 天）和糙皮侧耳（平菇，每周 3 天）蘑菇，持续 8 周。空腹基线和干预后结果测量包括传统的 CMD 风险因素，包括血压和空腹血清脂质、脂蛋白、葡萄糖和胰岛素。探索性 CMD 相关结果包括脂蛋白颗粒大小和炎症指标。

结果

与不含蘑菇的 MED-对照饮食相比，采用 MED-蘑菇饮食可改善空腹血清葡萄糖（从基线下降-2.9±1.18 与 0.6±1.10mg/dL；时间×组 P=0.034）。采用 MED 饮食，独立于蘑菇的摄入，可降低血清总胆固醇（-10.2±3.77mg/dL；时间 P=0.0001）。同时，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇、浮式 HDL2b 和载脂蛋白 A1 降低，脂蛋白（a）浓度升高（所有时间主效应 P<0.05）。其他测量的 CMD 风险因素没有变化。