Wu Yuhang, Li Yuanqi
Department of Structural Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Dec 7;23(24):9691. doi: 10.3390/s23249691.
The realistic simulation of the dynamic responses of a moving articulated vehicle has attracted considerable attention in various disciplines, with the identification of the vehicle model being the prerequisite. To this end, a double-sensor hump calibration method (DHCM) was developed to identify both unladen and laden vehicle models, consisting of a sensor layout optimization step and a system identification step. The first step was to optimize the number and position of sensors via parameter sensitivity analysis; the second was to inversely identify the vehicle system based on sensor responses. For comparison, the DHCM and the existing single-sensor hump calibration method (SHCM) were used to calibrate a small-sized vehicle model and a multi-axle articulated vehicle model. Vertical accelerations of the vehicle models were then simulated and characterized by power spectral densities (PSDs). Validation against experimental measurements indicated that the PSDs of the models identified with the DHCM matched the measured PSDs better than those of the SHCM, i.e., the DHCM-identified model accurately simulated the dynamic response of an articulated vehicle with relative errors below 16% in the low-frequency range. Therefore, the DHCM could identify models of small-sized vehicles and multi-axle articulated vehicles, while the SHCM was only suitable for the former.
移动铰接式车辆动态响应的逼真模拟在各个学科中都引起了相当大的关注，其中车辆模型的识别是前提条件。为此，开发了一种双传感器驼峰校准方法（DHCM）来识别空载和满载车辆模型，该方法包括传感器布局优化步骤和系统识别步骤。第一步是通过参数灵敏度分析优化传感器的数量和位置；第二步是根据传感器响应反向识别车辆系统。为了进行比较，使用DHCM和现有的单传感器驼峰校准方法（SHCM）对小型车辆模型和多轴铰接式车辆模型进行校准。然后对车辆模型的垂直加速度进行模拟，并通过功率谱密度（PSD）进行表征。与实验测量结果的验证表明，用DHCM识别的模型的PSD比用SHCM识别的模型的PSD与测量的PSD匹配得更好，即在低频范围内，用DHCM识别的模型能准确模拟铰接式车辆的动态响应，相对误差低于16%。因此，DHCM可以识别小型车辆和多轴铰接式车辆的模型，而SHCM仅适用于前者。
