Haegerstrom-Portnoy G, Jones R, Adams A J, Jampolsky A
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1987 Jan;58(1):47-53.
These experiments assessed the time course and severity of effects of atropine and 2-PAM chloride on selected visual functions, physiological measures, and a tracking performance task. Atropine up to 4 mg X 70 kg-1 body weight and 2-PAM Cl in doses up to 1200 mg X 70 kg-1 body weight were administered intramuscularly in a double-blind Latin square design. A long lasting and dose-related increase in pupillary diameter and decrease in accommodative amplitude with accompanying loss of near visual acuity was found following atropine administration. These functions returned to baseline 2 d after injection. Distance acuity, contrast sensitivity, color vision, and intraocular pressure showed no changes after atropine. Tracking performance was significantly decreased by 4 mg of atropine. The changes in vision function cannot readily explain the tracking performance loss, since the tracking involved a distant visual target while the atropine produced degradation of near vision. Most of the physiological tests, tracking performance and all visual functions were unaffected by 2-PAM Cl.
这些实验评估了阿托品和氯解磷定对选定视觉功能、生理指标及一项跟踪性能任务的作用时间进程和严重程度。采用双盲拉丁方设计，肌肉注射高达4mg×70kg-1体重的阿托品和高达1200mg×70kg-1体重的氯解磷定。给予阿托品后，发现瞳孔直径持续且与剂量相关地增加，调节幅度减小，同时近视力丧失。这些功能在注射后2天恢复至基线水平。阿托品给药后，远视力、对比敏感度、色觉和眼压均未出现变化。4mg阿托品显著降低了跟踪性能。视觉功能的变化并不能轻易解释跟踪性能的下降，因为跟踪涉及远距离视觉目标，而阿托品导致近视力下降。大多数生理测试、跟踪性能以及所有视觉功能均未受氯解磷定影响。
