Luo Zhenyu, He Tingkun, Yi Wen, Zhao Junchao, Zhang Zhining, Wang Yongyue, Liu Huan, He Kebin
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
PNAS Nexus. 2023 Dec 11;3(1):pgad430. doi: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad430. eCollection 2024 Jan.
Estimating shipping nitrogen oxides (NO) emissions and their associated ambient NO impacts is a complex and time-consuming task. In this study, a satellite-based ship pollution estimation model (SAT-SHIP) is developed to estimate regional shipping NO emissions and their contribution to ambient NO concentrations in China. Unlike the traditional bottom-up approach, SAT-SHIP employs satellite observations with varying wind patterns to improve the top-down emission inversion methods for individual sectors amidst irregular emission plume signals. Through SAT-SHIP, shipping NO emissions for 17 ports in China are estimated. The results show that SAT-SHIP performed comparably with the bottom-up approach, with an value of 0.8. Additionally, SAT-SHIP reveals that the shipping sector in port areas contributes ∼21 and 11% to NO concentrations in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta areas of China, respectively, which is consistent with the results from chemical transportation model simulations. This approach has practical implications for policymakers seeking to identify pollution sources and develop effective strategies to mitigate air pollution.
估算船舶氮氧化物（NO）排放量及其对周围环境中NO的影响是一项复杂且耗时的任务。在本研究中，开发了一种基于卫星的船舶污染估算模型（SAT-SHIP），用于估算中国区域船舶NO排放量及其对周围环境中NO浓度的贡献。与传统的自下而上方法不同，SAT-SHIP利用不同风况下的卫星观测数据，在不规则排放羽流信号中改进各部门自上而下的排放反演方法。通过SAT-SHIP，估算了中国17个港口的船舶NO排放量。结果表明，SAT-SHIP与自下而上方法的表现相当， 值为0.8。此外，SAT-SHIP显示，港口区域的航运部门对中国长江三角洲和珠江三角洲地区的NO浓度贡献分别约为21%和11%，这与化学运输模型模拟结果一致。这种方法对寻求识别污染源并制定有效策略以减轻空气污染的政策制定者具有实际意义。
