Hebi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hebi, 458031, Henan, China.
Henan Maize Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Hebi, 458031, Henan, China.
BMC Genomics. 2024 Jan 2;25(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12864-023-09917-x.
The stalk traits stalk diameter, stalk length, rind penetrometer resistance and dry matter content are important indicators for measuring lodging resistance.
In this study, 377 inbred lines were used as the basic materials, and four stalk-related traits including stalk diameter, stalk length, rind penetrometer resistance and dry matter content of the third segment of maize, were investigated at the tasseling, grain filling, and maturity stages. 461,053 high-quality SNPs which were obtained by whole genome resequencing were used for genome-wide association study. As a result of mixed linear model analysis (P < 9.77 × 10), 29 significant SNPs related to traits were detected, accounting for 7.19% -15.03% of phenotypic variation, among which 4, 1, 4 and 20 SNPs were found related to rind penetrometer resistance, stalk diameter, stalk length, and dry matter content respectively. Most candidate genes are related to plant element structure, signal transduction mechanisms, inorganic ion transport and metabolism, nucleotide transport and metabolism, and transporter enzyme families. Comparing mixed linear model with generalized linear model, a total of 12 candidate genes were detected repeatedly, during which the candidate gene Zm00001d014449 were detected 5 times, with a phenotypic variation interpretation rate of 9.95% -10.84%. This gene is mainly expressed in cells with active cell division and tissue differentiation, and is involved in the formation of stalk vascular bundles and the synthesis of cell walls. Another candidate gene, Zm00001d005300, encodes the transcription factor MYB44, which regulates the dependence of salt stress signal phosphorylation, can effectively inhibit the accumulation of destructive reactive oxygen species, and has a certain resistance to non-biotic stress. In addition, this study also found that 10 unknown functional genes can be further Functional verification.
This study helps to deepen the understanding of the genetic basis of traits related to maize stalk lodging resistance, and provides theoretical guidance for future maize lodging resistance breeding.
茎秆特性（茎粗、茎长、果皮穿刺阻力和干物质含量）是衡量抗倒伏能力的重要指标。
本研究以 377 份自交系为材料，在抽雄期、灌浆期和成熟期分别对玉米第 3 节的 4 个与茎秆相关的性状（茎粗、茎长、果皮穿刺阻力和干物质含量）进行调查。利用全基因组重测序获得的 461053 个高质量 SNPs 进行全基因组关联分析。经混合线性模型分析（P < 9.77 × 10-5），共检测到 29 个与性状相关的显著 SNP，占表型变异的 7.19% -15.03%，其中 4、1、4 和 20 个 SNP 分别与果皮穿刺阻力、茎粗、茎长和干物质含量有关。大多数候选基因与植物元素结构、信号转导机制、无机离子运输和代谢、核苷酸运输和代谢以及转运酶家族有关。与广义线性模型相比，混合线性模型共检测到 12 个候选基因，其中候选基因 Zm00001d014449 检测到 5 次，表型变异解释率为 9.95% -10.84%。该基因主要在细胞分裂和组织分化活跃的细胞中表达，参与茎维管束的形成和细胞壁的合成。另一个候选基因 Zm00001d005300 编码转录因子 MYB44，它调节盐胁迫信号磷酸化的依赖性，能有效抑制破坏性活性氧的积累，对非生物胁迫具有一定的抗性。此外，本研究还发现了 10 个未知功能基因，可进一步进行功能验证。
本研究有助于加深对玉米茎秆抗倒伏相关性状遗传基础的认识，为今后玉米抗倒伏育种提供理论指导。
