Das Shreaya, Konwar Bolin Kumar
Department of MBBT, Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India.
APMIS. 2024 Mar;132(3):161-186. doi: 10.1111/apm.13365. Epub 2024 Jan 2.
Maintaining healthy vaginal microflora post-puberty is critical. In this study we explore the potential of vaginal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their extracellular metabolites against the pathogenicity of Candida albicans. The probiotic culture free supernatant (PCFS) from Lactobacillus crispatus, L. gasseri, and L. vaginalis exhibit an inhibitory effect on budding, hyphae, and biofilm formation of C. albicans. LGPCFS manifested the best potential among the LAB PCFS, inhibiting budding for 24 h and restricting hyphae formation post-stimulation. LGPCFS also pre-eminently inhibited biofilm formation. Furthermore, L. gasseri itself grew under RPMI 1640 stimulation suppressing the biofilm formation of C. albicans. The PCFS from the LAB downregulated the hyphal genes of C. albicans, inhibiting the yeast transformation to fungi. Hyphal cell wall proteins HWP1, ALS3, ECE1, and HYR1 and transcription factors BCR1 and CPH1 were downregulated by the metabolites from LAB. Finally, the extracellular metabolome of the LAB was studied by LC-MS/MS analysis. L.gasseri produced the highest antifungal compounds and antibiotics, supporting its best activity against C. albicans. Vaginal LAB and their extracellular metabolites perpetuate C. albicans at an avirulent state. The metabolites produced by these LAB in vitro have been identified, and can be further exploited as a preventive measure against vaginal candidiasis.
青春期后维持健康的阴道微生物群至关重要。在本研究中，我们探讨了阴道乳酸菌（LAB）及其细胞外代谢产物对白色念珠菌致病性的影响。卷曲乳杆菌、加氏乳杆菌和阴道乳杆菌的益生菌无细胞培养上清液（PCFS）对白色念珠菌的出芽、菌丝和生物膜形成具有抑制作用。LGPCFS在LAB PCFS中表现出最佳潜力，抑制出芽24小时，并在刺激后限制菌丝形成。LGPCFS还显著抑制生物膜形成。此外，加氏乳杆菌本身在RPMI 1640刺激下生长，抑制白色念珠菌的生物膜形成。LAB的PCFS下调了白色念珠菌的菌丝基因，抑制了酵母向真菌的转化。菌丝细胞壁蛋白HWP1、ALS3、ECE1和HYR1以及转录因子BCR1和CPH1被LAB的代谢产物下调。最后通过LC-MS/MS分析研究了LAB的细胞外代谢组。加氏乳杆菌产生的抗真菌化合物和抗生素最多，支持其对白色念珠菌的最佳活性。阴道LAB及其细胞外代谢产物使白色念珠菌处于无毒状态。这些LAB在体外产生的代谢产物已被鉴定，可进一步开发作为预防阴道念珠菌病的措施。
