Das Shreaya, Konwar Bolin Kumar
Dept. of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University (Central), Napaam, 784028, Assam, India.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2025 May 22. doi: 10.1007/s12602-025-10574-7.
Genital opening or vaginal canal (VC) in women has different embryological origin than the entire female reproductive system. The microenvironment of the VC post puberty is everchanging due to the hormonal fluctuations in a woman's body. However, the vaginal canal maintains a defined microbiota with higher population of inherent lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species under healthy conditions. The preservation of the beneficial flora in the genital area is dependent on genetic, social, and habitual factors. The understanding and practice of these factors prevents the commencement of various vaginal infections/vaginitis. Common vaginal infections have known antibiotic treatments; however, treatments of few infections are still unavailable. The study of sexual health is scarce in India due to social and economic factors, with less number of studies from various parts of the country. Thus, there is a necessity of new-age prophylactic solutions in such developing countries. This review highlights the origin of the female reproductive system and describes how the hormonal change initiates unique microenvironment development. Later, we have elaborately discussed the precautionary contribution of lactic acid bacteria and their unexplored commercial utilization, which in turn would help in various ways to improve the standards of reproductive hygiene products.
女性的生殖开口或阴道管（VC）与整个女性生殖系统有着不同的胚胎学起源。青春期后，由于女性体内激素的波动，阴道管的微环境不断变化。然而，在健康状况下，阴道管维持着特定的微生物群，其中固有乳酸菌（LAB）种类的数量较多。生殖区域有益菌群的维持取决于遗传、社会和习惯因素。对这些因素的理解和实践可预防各种阴道感染/阴道炎的发生。常见的阴道感染有已知的抗生素治疗方法；然而，仍有一些感染的治疗方法尚未找到。由于社会和经济因素，印度对性健康的研究很少，该国不同地区的研究数量较少。因此，在这类发展中国家，有必要开发新时代的预防性解决方案。本综述强调了女性生殖系统的起源，并描述了激素变化如何引发独特的微环境发育。随后，我们详细讨论了乳酸菌的预防作用及其未被探索的商业用途，这反过来将有助于以各种方式提高生殖卫生产品的标准。
