莽草酸途径：代谢多样性的门户。
The shikimate pathway: gateway to metabolic diversity.
机构信息
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
出版信息
Nat Prod Rep. 2024 Apr 24;41(4):604-648. doi: 10.1039/d3np00037k.
Abstract
Covering: 1997 to 2023The shikimate pathway is the metabolic process responsible for the biosynthesis of the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. Seven metabolic steps convert phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and erythrose 4-phosphate (E4P) into shikimate and ultimately chorismate, which serves as the branch point for dedicated aromatic amino acid biosynthesis. Bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants (yet not animals) biosynthesize chorismate and exploit its intermediates in their specialized metabolism. This review highlights the metabolic diversity derived from intermediates of the shikimate pathway along the seven steps from PEP and E4P to chorismate, as well as additional sections on compounds derived from prephenate, anthranilate and the synonymous aminoshikimate pathway. We discuss the genomic basis and biochemical support leading to shikimate-derived antibiotics, lipids, pigments, cofactors, and other metabolites across the tree of life.
摘要
涵盖范围
1997 年至 2023 年
莽草酸途径是负责芳香族氨基酸苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成的代谢过程。七个代谢步骤将磷酸烯醇丙酮酸 (PEP) 和赤藓糖 4-磷酸 (E4P) 转化为莽草酸，最终转化为分支酸，分支酸是专门用于芳香族氨基酸生物合成的分支点。细菌、真菌、藻类和植物（而不是动物）生物合成分支酸，并在其特化代谢中利用其中间产物。这篇综述重点介绍了从 PEP 和 E4P 到分支酸的莽草酸途径的七个步骤中产生的代谢多样性，以及前苯丙氨酸、邻氨基苯甲酸和同义氨基莽草酸途径衍生化合物的附加部分。我们讨论了导致生命之树中产生莽草酸衍生抗生素、脂质、色素、辅因子和其他代谢物的基因组基础和生化支持。
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