Wu Tsung-Meng, Wang Kuang-Teng, Wu Wei-Ming, St Clair Jelani Michael Tristan, Kuo Chiu-Hui, Wu Yu-Sheng, Liu Chun-Hung, Hong Ming-Chang, Chiu Kuohsun
Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2024 Mar;49:101185. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101185. Epub 2023 Dec 29.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing fishmeal (FM) with African giant snail (Achatina fulica) meal (SM) on the growth performance of giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), as well as to analyze the associated metabolomic changes. Six diets were formulated, replacing FM with SM at different inclusion levels ranging from 0 % to 100 %. Growth performance and feed conversion ratio of prawns fed diets with FM replaced by SM up to 80 % were not significantly different from control. In contrast, significantly decreased growth performance and higher feed conversion ratio (FCR) occurred with diets containing 100 % SM. To gain insights into the metabolic regulation of prawns fed different diets, a H NMR metabolomics approach was used to assess the metabolic changes in prawns fed diets containing 0 % and 80 % SM. The results revealed up-regulated metabolites significantly involved in several metabolic pathways, including alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; citrate cycle (TCA cycle); aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; and valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis. These findings imply that including SM in the diet might modulate the regulation of muscle amino acids and tRNA synthesis, suggesting a potential impact on protein biosynthesis mechanisms. Additionally, alterations in the TCA cycle may reflect changes in carbon utilization, potentially contributing to the growth performance of giant river prawns when fishmeal is replaced with SM without adversely affecting their growth. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that SM could be a promising alternative protein source in aquafeed. The metabolomic approach provides valuable insights into the metabolic changes in prawns fed different diets, aiding in the development of more effective aquafeeds in the future. The study's limitations, such as the simplified diet formulation and the limited scope of the metabolomic analysis, were acknowledged and discussed, highlighting the need for further research to build upon these findings.
本研究旨在探究用非洲大蜗牛（Achatina fulica）粉（SM）替代鱼粉（FM）对罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）生长性能的影响，并分析相关的代谢组学变化。配制了六种日粮，用不同添加水平（0%至100%）的SM替代FM。用SM替代FM高达80%的日粮喂养的对虾，其生长性能和饲料转化率与对照组无显著差异。相比之下，含100%SM的日粮显著降低了对虾的生长性能并提高了饲料转化率（FCR）。为深入了解不同日粮喂养的对虾的代谢调控，采用核磁共振氢谱代谢组学方法评估了喂养含0%和80%SM日粮的对虾的代谢变化。结果显示，显著上调的代谢物参与了多个代谢途径，包括丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢；柠檬酸循环（TCA循环）；氨酰-tRNA生物合成；以及缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成。这些发现表明，日粮中添加SM可能会调节肌肉氨基酸和tRNA合成的调控，提示对蛋白质生物合成机制有潜在影响。此外，TCA循环的改变可能反映了碳利用的变化，在鱼粉被SM替代时可能有助于罗氏沼虾的生长性能，而不会对其生长产生不利影响。总之，本研究表明SM可能是水产饲料中一种有前景的替代蛋白质来源。代谢组学方法为不同日粮喂养的对虾的代谢变化提供了有价值的见解，有助于未来开发更有效的水产饲料。研究承认并讨论了其局限性，如日粮配方简化和代谢组学分析范围有限，强调需要进一步研究以在此基础上拓展这些发现。
