Alidrisi Haider A, Al-Ibadi Ali A, Al-Saidi Jaafer S, Alsawad Mohammed A, Jameel Ahmed A, Al-Shati Ahmed W
Diabetes and Endocrinology, College of Medicine, Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center, University of Basrah, Basrah, IRQ.
College of Medicine, Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center, University of Basrah, Basrah, IRQ.
Cureus. 2023 Dec 7;15(12):e50101. doi: 10.7759/cureus.50101. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Background Age- and gender-based differences in diabetes demographic characteristics have been studied in many types of research. These differences extend further to diabetes-related comorbidities. Dyslipidemia is a common complication associated with diabetes and causes a substantial increase in cardiovascular morbidity. The study aims to compare the pattern of dyslipidemia between males and females among different age categories in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methodology A retrospective database study was conducted at Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center (FDEMC), Basrah, Southern Iraq. We included adult patients with newly diagnosed and drug naïve T2DM between January 2018 and October 2022. Patients' data in the form of body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), random blood glucose (RBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were used for comparisons. Results Below the age of 35, males exhibited significantly higher levels of HbA1c, FBG, and TG compared to females, along with a significantly lower level of HDL-C. However, there were no significant differences in BMI, RBG, TC, and LDL-C. Between the ages of 35 and 44, females in this study demonstrated significantly higher BMI and HDL-C levels, while males exhibited higher levels of HbA1c, FBG, RBG, and TG. However, there were no significant differences observed in TC and LDL-C levels. Similar results were found among the age group 45 to 55, with the only exception being FBG, which became nonsignificant. In patients between 55 and 64 years old, BMI, HDL-C, and TC were significantly higher in females (< 0.05). In patients aged above 65 years, BMI and HDL-C remained significantly higher in females, while RBG was significantly higher in males. No significant differences were observed among other parameters (HbA1c, TG, TC, and LDL-C). Conclusions In patients aged 54 years and younger, males were significantly more likely to have severe hyperglycemia, higher TG, and lower HDL-C compared to females at the time of T2DM diagnosis. In older patients, this pattern is lost, with only a significantly lower HDL-C observed.
背景 在许多类型的研究中，都对糖尿病人口统计学特征中基于年龄和性别的差异进行了研究。这些差异进一步延伸到与糖尿病相关的合并症。血脂异常是与糖尿病相关的常见并发症，会导致心血管发病率大幅上升。本研究旨在比较新诊断的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中不同年龄组男性和女性的血脂异常模式。
方法 在伊拉克南部巴士拉的法伊哈糖尿病、内分泌和代谢专科中心（FDEMC）进行了一项回顾性数据库研究。我们纳入了2018年1月至2022年10月期间新诊断且未接受过药物治疗的成年T2DM患者。以体重指数（BMI）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹血糖（FBG）、随机血糖（RBG）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）形式呈现的患者数据用于比较。
结果 在35岁以下，男性的HbA1c、FBG和TG水平显著高于女性，同时HDL-C水平显著低于女性。然而，BMI、RBG、TC和LDL-C没有显著差异。在35至44岁之间，本研究中的女性表现出显著更高的BMI和HDL-C水平，而男性的HbA1c, FBG, RBG和TG水平更高。然而，TC和LDL-C水平没有观察到显著差异。在45至55岁年龄组中也发现了类似结果，唯一的例外是FBG，其差异不显著。在55至64岁的患者中，女性的BMI、HDL-C和TC显著更高（<0.05）。在65岁以上的患者中，女性的BMI和HDL-C仍然显著更高，而男性的RBG显著更高。其他参数（HbA1c、TG、TC和LDL-C）没有观察到显著差异。
结论 在54岁及以下的患者中，与女性相比，男性在T2DM诊断时更有可能出现严重高血糖、更高的TG和更低的HDL-C。在老年患者中，这种模式消失，仅观察到HDL-C显著降低。
