Matzel L D, Brown A M, Miller R R
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process. 1987 Jan;13(1):65-72.
In two experiments we examined factors that contribute to retarded emergence of conditioned responding to a conditioned stimulus (CS) trained in a context in which unsignaled unconditioned stimuli (USs) had previously been administered. In both experiments water-deprived rats were used in a conditioned lick suppression task to measure the conditioned response elicitation potential of the CS and the training context. From Experiment 1 we determined that nonreinforced exposure to the excitatory context after US preexposure and prior to CS-US pairings in that context eliminated the conditioned response deficit observed on a subsequent test of the CS. The recovery from the US preexposure deficit was nearly as great in animals that received nonreinforced exposure to the excitatory training context after the CS-US pairings but prior to the ultimate test of the CS. From Experiment 2 we determined that the recovery induced by contextual deflation after CS training was specific to deflation of the context in which the CS was trained as opposed to another excitatory context. In total, these experiments suggest that context-US associations partially mask the expression of a learned CS-US association. These results are discussed in terms of recent models of conditioned response generation.
在两项实验中，我们研究了一些因素，这些因素导致在一个先前已给予无信号非条件刺激（USs）的情境中训练的条件刺激（CS）的条件反应出现延迟。在这两项实验中，缺水的大鼠被用于条件性舔舐抑制任务，以测量CS和训练情境引发条件反应的潜力。从实验1中我们确定，在非条件刺激预暴露后且在该情境中条件刺激与非条件刺激配对之前，对兴奋性情境进行无强化暴露，消除了在随后对条件刺激的测试中观察到的条件反应缺陷。在条件刺激与非条件刺激配对后但在对条件刺激的最终测试之前，接受了对兴奋性训练情境无强化暴露的动物，从非条件刺激预暴露缺陷中的恢复情况几乎同样显著。从实验2中我们确定，条件刺激训练后情境消退所诱导的恢复，特定于条件刺激被训练的情境的消退，而不是另一个兴奋性情境。总体而言，这些实验表明情境 - 非条件刺激关联部分掩盖了习得的条件刺激 - 非条件刺激关联的表达。我们根据最近的条件反应生成模型对这些结果进行了讨论。
