University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, School of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
Braz Oral Res. 2024 Jan 5;38:e001. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0001. eCollection 2024.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of adding quaternary ammonium methacrylates (QAMs) to experimental adhesives by assessing the degree of conversion (DC), cytotoxicity against keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and antibacterial activity against biofilm formation. Two QAMs were added to an experimental adhesive: dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate bromododecane (DMADDM) or dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate bromohexadecane (DMAHDM) at three concentrations each: 1, 2.5, and 5 wt.%. Experimental adhesive without QAMs (control group) and commercially available Transbond XT Primer (3M Unitek, Monrovia, California, USA) were used for comparisons. The adhesives were tested for DC, cytotoxicity against keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and antibacterial activity against biofilm formation. DC, cytotoxicity against fibroblasts, and antibacterial activity were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparisons. Cytotoxicity against keratinocytes was evaluated using the Kruskal Wallis and Dunn's post-hoc (α = 5%) tests. Transbond showed lower DC as compared to 5% DMAHDM, 1% DMADDM, and 5% DMADDM (p < 0.05). However, all groups presented proper DC when compared to commercial adhesives in the literature. In the evaluation of cytotoxicity against keratinocytes, Transbond induced higher viability than 2.5 wt.% groups (p < 0.05). Against fibroblasts, Transbond induced higher viability as compared to 5 wt.% groups (p < 0.05). DMAHDM at 5 wt.% reduced biofilm formation when compared to all the other groups (p < 0.05). Despite their cytotoxic effect against keratinocytes, gingival fibroblasts showed higher viability. DMAHDM at 5 wt.% decreased Streptococcus mutans viability. The incorporation of DMAHDM at 5 wt.% may be a strategy for reducing the development of white spot lesions.
本研究旨在通过评估转化率 (DC)、对成纤维细胞和角质细胞的细胞毒性以及对生物膜形成的抗菌活性，来评估向实验性胶粘剂中添加季铵甲基丙烯酸酯 (QAMs) 的影响。向实验性胶粘剂中添加了两种 QAMs：二甲基氨基十二烷基甲基丙烯酸溴代十二烷 (DMADDM) 或二甲基氨基十二烷基甲基丙烯酸溴代十六烷 (DMAHDM)，每种浓度各添加三种：1、2.5 和 5wt%。使用不含 QAMs 的实验性胶粘剂（对照组）和市售 Transbond XT Primer（3M Unitek，加利福尼亚州莫罗维亚）进行比较。对胶粘剂进行 DC、对成纤维细胞和角质细胞的细胞毒性以及对生物膜形成的抗菌活性测试。使用单向方差分析和 Tukey 的多重比较分析 DC、对成纤维细胞的细胞毒性和抗菌活性。使用 Kruskal Wallis 和 Dunn 的事后检验（α=5%）测试评估对角质细胞的细胞毒性。与 5% DMAHDM、1% DMADDM 和 5% DMADDM 相比，Transbond 的 DC 较低（p<0.05）。然而，与文献中的商业胶粘剂相比，所有组的 DC 均在适当范围内。在评估对角质细胞的细胞毒性时，Transbond 的活力比 2.5wt.%组高（p<0.05）。与 5wt.%组相比，Transbond 对成纤维细胞的活力更高（p<0.05）。与所有其他组相比，5wt.% DMAHDM 减少了生物膜形成（p<0.05）。尽管它们对角质细胞具有细胞毒性作用，但牙龈成纤维细胞的活力更高。5wt.% DMAHDM 降低了变形链球菌的活力。在 5wt.% 下加入 DMAHDM 可能是减少白垩斑形成的一种策略。
