University of Helsinki, Faculty of Social Sciences, Population Research Unit, Helsinki, Finland.
Max Planck - University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health, Helsinki, Finland.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2024 May;48(5):741-745. doi: 10.1038/s41366-024-01459-w. Epub 2024 Jan 10.
Higher mean body mass index (BMI) among lower socioeconomic position (SEP) groups is well established in Western societies, but the influence of genetic factors on these differences is not well characterized.
We analyzed these associations using Finnish health surveys conducted between 1992 and 2017 (N = 33 523; 53% women) with information on measured weight and height, polygenic risk scores of BMI (PGS-BMI) and linked data from administrative registers to measure educational attainment, occupation-based social class and personal income.
In linear regressions, largest adjusted BMI differences were found between basic and tertiary educated men (1.4 kg/m, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2; 1.6) and women (2.5 kg/m, 95% CI 2.3; 2.8), and inverse BMI gradients were also found for social class and income. These SEP differences arose partly because mean PGS-BMI was higher and partly because PGS-BMI predicted BMI more strongly in lower SEP groups. The inverse SEP gradients of BMI were steeper in women than in men, but sex differences were not found in the genetic contributions to these differences.
Better understanding of the interplay between genes and environment provides insight into the mechanisms explaining SEP differences in BMI.
在西方社会，社会经济地位较低的人群平均体质量指数（BMI）较高，这一现象已得到充分证实，但遗传因素对这些差异的影响尚未得到充分描述。
我们使用芬兰在 1992 年至 2017 年期间进行的健康调查（N=33523；53%为女性）中的信息，分析了这些关联，这些信息包括测量得到的体重和身高、BMI 的多基因风险评分（PGS-BMI）以及从行政登记处链接的数据，以衡量受教育程度、职业社会阶层和个人收入。
在线性回归中，我们发现基本受教育程度和高等受教育程度的男性（1.4kg/m，95%置信区间 [CI] 1.2; 1.6）和女性（2.5kg/m，95% CI 2.3; 2.8）之间的 BMI 差异最大，社会阶层和收入也呈现出 BMI 的逆梯度分布。这些社会经济地位差异的出现部分是因为平均 PGS-BMI 较高，部分是因为 PGS-BMI 在社会经济地位较低的人群中对 BMI 的预测更为强烈。BMI 的逆社会经济地位梯度在女性中比在男性中更为陡峭，但在遗传因素对这些差异的贡献方面，并未发现性别差异。
更好地理解基因与环境之间的相互作用，可以深入了解解释 BMI 中社会经济地位差异的机制。
