Institute of Health and Sports Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Research and Development Center for Lifestyle Innovation, University of Tsukuba, 1-2 Kasuga, 305-8550, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jan 10;24(1):150. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-17645-4.
We recently demonstrated that a 12-week intervention consisting of the provision of free non-alcoholic beverages reduced alcohol consumption in excessive drinkers for 8 weeks after the intervention. However, gender differences in this effect were not explored. Thus, this secondary analysis investigated gender differences in the influence of non-alcoholic beverage provision on alcohol consumption.
Individuals who frequently drank excessively (at least 40 g/day in men and 20 g/day in women) and who were not diagnosed with alcoholism were recruited. Participants were randomized into the intervention or control group by simple randomization using a random number table. In the intervention group, free non-alcoholic beverages were provided once every 4 weeks for 12 weeks (three times in total). The consumption of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages was calculated based on a drinking diary submitted with the previous 4 weeks' of data. In this study, we compared the longitudinal changes in alcohol consumption between genders in both groups.
The provision of non-alcoholic beverages significantly reduced alcohol consumption in both genders; however, significant differences in alcohol consumption between the control and intervention groups were observed only in men. The average alcohol consumption during the intervention fell below the level associated with a high risk of non-communicable diseases in men (32.7 g/day), but not in women (24.8 g/day). Correlation coefficient analysis showed that replacing alcoholic beverages with the provided non-alcoholic beverages resulted in different drinking patterns according to gender. The percent changes in the consumption of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages relative to baseline levels did not differ between genders.
Our results suggest that the provision of non-alcoholic beverages reduced alcohol consumption irrespective of gender. Of note, providing non-alcoholic beverages might be particularly useful for reducing high-risk alcohol consumption in male excessive drinkers.
UMIN UMIN000047949. Registered 4 June 2022.
我们最近的研究表明，一项为期 12 周的干预措施，包括提供免费的非酒精饮料，可在干预后 8 周内减少过量饮酒者的饮酒量。然而，该效果的性别差异尚未得到探讨。因此，本二次分析旨在研究提供非酒精饮料对饮酒量的影响在性别上的差异。
招募经常过度饮酒（男性至少 40g/天，女性至少 20g/天）且未被诊断为酒精中毒的个体。参与者通过简单随机数表进行随机分组，分为干预组和对照组。在干预组中，每 4 周提供一次免费的非酒精饮料，共 12 周（共 3 次）。根据提交的前 4 周的数据，通过饮酒日记计算酒精和非酒精饮料的消耗量。在本研究中，我们比较了两组中男女之间饮酒量的纵向变化。
提供非酒精饮料可显著减少两性的饮酒量；然而，仅在男性中观察到对照组和干预组之间的饮酒量存在显著差异。男性在干预期间的平均饮酒量低于与非传染性疾病高风险相关的水平（32.7g/天），但女性则没有（24.8g/天）。相关系数分析表明，用提供的非酒精饮料代替酒精饮料会根据性别产生不同的饮酒模式。与基线水平相比，男女两性饮酒量的百分比变化无差异。
我们的结果表明，提供非酒精饮料可减少饮酒量，而与性别无关。值得注意的是，提供非酒精饮料可能特别有助于减少男性过量饮酒者的高风险饮酒量。
UMIN UMIN000047949。于 2022 年 6 月 4 日注册。
