Caspi A, Bolger N, Eckenrode J
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1987 Jan;52(1):184-95. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.52.1.184.
In this study we combined daily diary data with interview data to investigate individual differences in the impact of stressful daily events on mood. Using a sample of 96 women in an urban community, we examined perceived neighborhood quality and major life events as possibly potentiating the effects of stressful daily events, and we viewed social supports as potentially buffering this daily process. Results confirmed that the presence of chronic ecologic stress (neighborhood perceptions) exacerbated the immediate effects of stressful daily events on mood and also increased the likelihood of enduring effects of daily stressors on next day's mood. Contrary to expectations, previous exposure to major life events decreased the impact of stressful daily events. The availability of social supports, although not buffering the impact of stressful daily events on mood, did mitigate the enduring effects of these events on next day's mood. This study also presents a method for analyzing daily time-series data, while correcting for potential problems of autocorrelated error terms. As such, this study represents a significant advance over previous analytic approaches to time-series data in the study of the stress process.
在本研究中，我们将每日日记数据与访谈数据相结合，以调查压力性日常事件对情绪影响的个体差异。我们以一个城市社区中的96名女性为样本，研究了感知到的邻里环境质量和重大生活事件可能如何增强压力性日常事件的影响，并将社会支持视为可能缓冲这一日常过程的因素。结果证实，慢性生态压力（对邻里环境的感知）的存在加剧了压力性日常事件对情绪的即时影响，也增加了日常压力源对次日情绪产生持久影响的可能性。与预期相反，先前经历的重大生活事件降低了压力性日常事件的影响。社会支持的可获得性虽然没有缓冲压力性日常事件对情绪的影响，但确实减轻了这些事件对次日情绪的持久影响。本研究还提出了一种分析每日时间序列数据的方法，同时校正了自相关误差项的潜在问题。因此，本研究相对于以往压力过程研究中时间序列数据的分析方法有了显著进步。
