Feifel H, Strack S, Nagy V T
J Psychosom Res. 1987;31(1):91-9. doi: 10.1016/0022-3999(87)90103-6.
This investigation sought to determine whether medical patients facing life-threatening illnesses (i.e. cancer, myocardial infarction) differed in their coping responses from medical patients facing nonlife-threatening illnesses (e.g. arthritis, dermatitis). Subjects' coping responses were measured by a Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire which was developed to measure three forms of coping: confrontation, avoidance, and acceptance-resignation. The scales were based on a 32-item questionnaire and were derived by a combination of rational and factor analytic procedures. Construct validity data gathered from patients, physicians, and significant others verified the nature of the scales. Results indicated that life-threatened patients used confrontation significantly more than did nonlife-threatened patients in dealing with their illness. Acceptance-resignation was used least of all by each of the groups. Findings appear to support those theorists who conceptualize coping behavior in dealing with life-threat as being shaped more by situational context than by personal style.
这项调查旨在确定面临危及生命疾病（如癌症、心肌梗死）的内科患者与面临非危及生命疾病（如关节炎、皮炎）的内科患者在应对方式上是否存在差异。通过一份医学应对方式问卷来测量受试者的应对方式，该问卷旨在测量三种应对形式：面对、回避和接受-顺从。这些量表基于一份32项的问卷，通过理性和因素分析程序相结合得出。从患者、医生和重要他人那里收集的结构效度数据证实了这些量表的性质。结果表明，面临生命威胁的患者在应对疾病时比未面临生命威胁的患者更多地使用面对方式。每个组使用接受-顺从方式的频率都最低。研究结果似乎支持了那些将应对威胁生命情况的行为概念化为更多地由情境而非个人风格塑造的理论家。
