Marcellinaro Rosa, Spoletini Domenico, Grieco Michele, Avella Pasquale, Cappuccio Micaela, Troiano Raffaele, Lisi Giorgio, Garbarino Giovanni M, Carlini Massimo
Department of General Surgery, S. Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy.
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80138 Naples, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2023 Dec 21;13(1):40. doi: 10.3390/jcm13010040.
Colorectal cancer is a frequent neoplasm in western countries, mainly due to dietary and behavioral factors. Its incidence is growing in developing countries for the westernization of foods and lifestyles. An increased incidence rate is observed in patients under 45 years of age. In recent years, the mortality for CRC is decreased, but this trend is slowing. The mortality rate is reducing in those countries where prevention and treatments have been implemented. The survival is increased to over 65%. This trend reflects earlier detection of CRC through routine clinical examinations and screening, more accurate staging through advances in imaging, improvements in surgical techniques, and advances in chemotherapy and radiation. The most important predictor of survival is the stage at diagnosis. The screening programs are able to reduce incidence and mortality rates of CRC. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of incidence, mortality, and survival rate for CRC.
结直肠癌在西方国家是一种常见的肿瘤，主要归因于饮食和行为因素。由于食物和生活方式的西化，其在发展中国家的发病率正在上升。45岁以下患者的发病率有所增加。近年来，结直肠癌的死亡率有所下降，但这一趋势正在放缓。在那些实施了预防和治疗措施的国家，死亡率正在降低。生存率提高到了65%以上。这一趋势反映了通过常规临床检查和筛查更早地发现结直肠癌，通过影像学进展实现更准确的分期，手术技术的改进，以及化疗和放疗的进展。生存的最重要预测因素是诊断时的分期。筛查计划能够降低结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率。本文的目的是全面概述结直肠癌的发病率、死亡率和生存率。
