Islam Md Aminul, Mumin Jubayer, Haque Md Masudul, Haque Md Azizul, Khan Ahrar, Bhattacharya Prosun, Haque Md Atiqul
Advanced Molecular Lab, Department of Microbiology, President Abdul Hamid Medical College, Karimganj 2310, Bangladesh.
COVID-19 Diagnostic Lab, Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh.
Infect Med (Beijing). 2023 Nov 5;2(4):262-272. doi: 10.1016/j.imj.2023.11.001. eCollection 2023 Dec.
The largest monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak of the 21st century occurred in 2022, which caused epidemics in many countries. According to WHO, physical contact with infected persons, contaminated surfaces, or affected animals might be a source of this virus transmission. A febrile sickness including few symptoms found in MPX disease. Skin rash, lesions, fever, headache, fatigue, and muscle aches symptoms were observed commonly for this disease. Animal and in vitro, studies have shown that the antiviral medications cidofovir and brincidofovir are effective against MPXV. The first-generation vaccinia virus vaccine was developed in 1960, and it helped to protect against MPXV with its side effects. A second-generation vaccination with limitations was launched in 2000. However, the CDC advised vaccinations for risk groups in endemic countries, including positive patients and hospital employees. The JYNNEOS vaccine, administered in 2 doses, also provides protection from MPX. This article presents concisely the most recent findings regarding epidemiology, genomic transmission, signs and symptoms, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions for MPXV, which may be helpful to researchers and practitioners. WHO declared that MPX was no longer a global health emergency due to its declining case rate, and a number of countries have reported new incidences. Further research-based investigations must be carried out based on the 2022 outbreak.
2022年发生了21世纪最大规模的猴痘病毒（MPXV）疫情，这场疫情在许多国家引发了流行病。据世界卫生组织称，与感染者、受污染表面或受感染动物的身体接触可能是这种病毒传播的源头。一种发热性疾病，其症状在猴痘病中较为少见。皮疹、皮损、发热、头痛、疲劳和肌肉疼痛等症状在这种疾病中较为常见。动物研究和体外研究表明，抗病毒药物西多福韦和布林西多福韦对猴痘病毒有效。第一代痘苗病毒疫苗于1960年研发，它在预防猴痘病毒方面发挥了作用，但也有副作用。2000年推出了有局限性的第二代疫苗。然而，美国疾病控制与预防中心建议在流行国家对风险群体进行疫苗接种，包括确诊患者和医院工作人员。两剂接种的JYNNEOS疫苗也能提供针对猴痘的防护。本文简要介绍了关于猴痘病毒的流行病学、基因传播、体征和症状、发病机制、诊断及治疗干预的最新研究结果，这可能对研究人员和从业者有所帮助。世界卫生组织宣布，由于猴痘病例率下降，猴痘不再构成全球卫生紧急事件，但仍有一些国家报告了新发病例。必须基于2022年的疫情开展进一步的基于研究的调查。
