Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041, Kerala, India.
Recent Pat Biotechnol. 2024;18(1):2-21. doi: 10.2174/1872208317666230320164219.
The last few decades have seen a rise in the number of deaths caused by neurological disorders. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is very complex and has multiple mechanisms, makes drug delivery to the brain challenging for many scientists. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) such as nanoemulsions, solid-lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, and nano lipid carriers (NLCs) exhibit enhanced bioavailability and flexibility among these nanocarriers. NLCs are found to be very effective. In the last few decades, they have been a center of attraction for controlled drug delivery. According to the current global status of specific neurological disorders, out of all LNPs, NLC significantly reduces the cross-permeability of drugs through the BBB due to their peculiar properties. They offer a host of advantages over other carriers because of their biocompatibility, safety, non-toxicity, non-irritating behavior, stability, high encapsulation efficiency, high drug loading, high drug targeting, control of drug release, and ease in manufacturing. The biocompatible lipid matrix is ideally suited as a drug carrier system due to the nano-size range. For certain neurological conditions such as Parkinsonism, Alzheimer's, Epilepsy, Multiple sclerosis, and Brain cancer, we examined recent advances in NLCs to improve brain targeting of bioactive with special attention to formulation aspects and pharmacokinetic characteristics. This article also provides a brief overview of a critical approach for brain targeting, , direct nose-to-brain drug delivery and some recent patents published on NLC".
过去几十年中，由于神经紊乱而导致的死亡人数不断上升。血脑屏障（BBB）非常复杂，具有多种机制，这使得许多科学家难以将药物递送到大脑中。在这些纳米载体中，脂质纳米颗粒（LNPs）如纳米乳剂、固体脂质纳米颗粒、脂质体和纳米脂质载体（NLC）表现出增强的生物利用度和灵活性。NLC 被发现非常有效。在过去几十年中，它们一直是控制药物递送的焦点。根据特定神经紊乱疾病的当前全球状况，在所有 LNPs 中，由于其特殊性质，NLC 可显著降低药物通过 BBB 的跨通透性。由于其生物相容性、安全性、非毒性、无刺激性、稳定性、高包封效率、高载药量、高药物靶向性、药物释放控制和易于制造，它们提供了许多优于其他载体的优势。由于纳米尺寸范围，生物相容的脂质基质非常适合作为药物载体系统。对于某些神经疾病，如帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病、癫痫、多发性硬化症和脑癌，我们研究了 NLC 在改善生物活性物质脑靶向方面的最新进展，特别关注制剂方面和药代动力学特征。本文还简要概述了脑靶向的关键方法，直接鼻脑递药和一些关于 NLC 的最新专利。
