Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, The OLIN Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
PLoS One. 2024 Jan 11;19(1):e0296664. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296664. eCollection 2024.
The aim was to examine if a diagnostic intervention set up to assess current food allergy to cow's milk, hen's egg, fish, or wheat among teenagers had an impact on generic and disease specific health-related quality of life (HRQL). The study compared HRQL scoring before and two years after the intervention, and in relation to age matched controls without reported food allergy.
The study was performed within the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden (OLIN) studies where a cohort study on asthma and allergic diseases among 8-year-old schoolchildren was initiated in 2006. At age 12 years, the 125/2612 (5%) children who reported allergy to cow's milk, hen's egg, fish, or wheat were invited to a diagnostic intervention including clinical examination, blood tests and evaluation by a pediatric allergist. Of 94 participants, 79 completed generic and disease specific HRQL questionnaires. Additionally, a random sample of 200 (62% of invited) children without food allergy from the OLIN cohort answered the generic HRQL questionnaire. The respondents of the HRQL questionnaires were re-examined two years later and 57 teenagers with and 154 without reported allergy participated.
There were no significant differences in generic HRQL scores between teenagers with and without reported food allergy at study entry, or after the intervention. Among those with reported food allergy, we found a significant improvement in disease specific HRQL after the intervention (mean values: 3.41 vs 2.80, p<0.001). Teenagers with only food allergy had better disease specific HRQL compared to those with one, two or three concomitant allergic diseases, both before and after the intervention. Children with only food allergy significantly improved their HRQL after the intervention, 1.84 vs. 2.87 (p<0.001) but this association was not seen in children with one other allergic disorder (3.16 vs. 3.65, p = 0.121) or those with two or more allergic disorders (3.72 vs. 3.90, p = 0.148).
The diagnostic intervention showed a long-term improvement of disease specific HRQL but not generic HRQL.
本研究旨在探讨针对青少年的牛奶、鸡蛋、鱼或小麦食物过敏的诊断干预措施是否会影响一般和特定疾病的健康相关生活质量（HRQL）。该研究比较了干预前后两年及与无报告食物过敏的年龄匹配对照组的 HRQL 评分。
该研究在瑞典北部阻塞性肺病（OLIN）研究中进行，该研究于 2006 年启动了一项针对 8 岁学龄儿童哮喘和过敏性疾病的队列研究。在 12 岁时，报告对牛奶、鸡蛋、鱼或小麦过敏的 2612 名儿童中的 125 名（5%）被邀请参加诊断干预，包括临床检查、血液检查和儿科过敏专家评估。94 名参与者中有 79 人完成了一般和特定疾病的 HRQL 问卷。此外，OLIN 队列中随机抽取 200 名（受邀者的 62%）无食物过敏的儿童回答一般 HRQL 问卷。两年后，对这些 HRQL 问卷的回复者进行了重新检查，其中 57 名有报告过敏的青少年和 154 名无报告过敏的青少年参与了研究。
在研究开始时或干预后，有报告食物过敏的青少年与无报告食物过敏的青少年之间在一般 HRQL 评分上没有显著差异。在有报告食物过敏的青少年中，我们发现干预后疾病特异性 HRQL 显著改善（平均值：3.41 对 2.80，p<0.001）。与有一个、两个或三个并存过敏性疾病的青少年相比，仅有食物过敏的青少年在干预前后的疾病特异性 HRQL 均更好。仅有食物过敏的儿童在干预后 HRQL 显著改善，1.84 对 2.87（p<0.001），但这种关联在有一个其他过敏性疾病的儿童中并未出现（3.16 对 3.65，p = 0.121）或有两个或更多过敏性疾病的儿童中也未出现（3.72 对 3.90，p = 0.148）。
该诊断干预措施显示出长期改善疾病特异性 HRQL，但对一般 HRQL 没有影响。
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