Centre for Stability and Risk Analysis, HSE University, 20, Myasnitskaya, Moscow 101000, Russia.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2024 Jan 11;59(1). doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agad087.
Previous studies in Izhevsk, Novosibirsk, and Kazan have found that non-beverage alcohol is a large part of alcohol consumption in Russia. Whereas those places are relatively high-income cities, there are no studies about such a problem in low-income regions of Russia. The aim of this study is to investigate correlates and factors associated with non-beverage alcohol consumption in eastern regions of Russia, e.g. the Jewish Autonomous Oblast and to assess effectiveness of implementing Russian policies to restrict consumption of non-beverage alcohol.
A survey of adults in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast of Russia was performed on workdays to assess non-beverage drinking patterns in summer 2022. The questionnaire included questions about socio-demographic status and alcohol use, including non-beverage alcohol consumption and drinking patterns. We use logistic regression to identify risk factors of consuming non-beverages.
First, ~30% of individuals suffering from alcohol problems drink non-beverage alcohol. Second, those who regularly consume non-beverage alcohol compared with those who chronically drink legal strong alcohol are on average more likely to experience the negative effects of alcohol consumption. Third, income and marriage are the main factors negatively associated with surrogate alcohol consumption. Besides, age shows a curvilinear relationship with that.
We suggest that a modified anti-surrogate policy to increase the minimum price of pharmacy alcohol and to enforce restrictions on the sale of non-beverage alcohol is needed in Russia. Such measures could prevent an increase in non-beverage alcohol consumption in Russia against the backdrop of declining real incomes of the population.
先前在伊热夫斯克、新西伯利亚和喀山进行的研究发现，非酒精饮料是俄罗斯酒精消费的重要组成部分。虽然这些地方是相对高收入城市，但俄罗斯低收入地区尚未对此类问题进行研究。本研究旨在调查俄罗斯东部地区（如犹太自治州）与非酒精饮料消费相关的因素和关联，并评估俄罗斯限制非酒精饮料消费政策的实施效果。
2022 年夏季，在俄罗斯犹太自治州工作日期间对成年人进行了一项调查，以评估非酒精饮料的饮用模式。问卷包括社会人口统计学状况和酒精使用情况，包括非酒精饮料消费和饮酒模式。我们使用逻辑回归来确定饮用非酒精饮料的风险因素。
首先，约 30%的酒精问题患者饮用非酒精饮料。其次，与长期饮用合法烈酒的人相比，经常饮用非酒精饮料的人更有可能经历酒精消费的负面影响。第三，收入和婚姻是与替代酒精消费呈负相关的主要因素。此外，年龄与这一因素呈曲线关系。
我们建议俄罗斯采取修改后的反替代政策，提高药店酒精的最低价格，并加强对非酒精饮料销售的限制。在俄罗斯人口实际收入下降的背景下，这些措施可以防止非酒精饮料消费的增加。
