沙特阿拉伯初产妇与经产妇对妊娠期糖尿病的认知评估：一项定量横断面研究。
Evaluation of Knowledge About Gestational Diabetes Among Primigravidae Versus Multigravidae in Saudi Arabia: A Quantitative Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Hassan Albagir M, Alghamdi Ghadi S, Alfantoukh Abdulrahman M, Aljohani Ajyal, Alzahrani Fahad A, Eissa Ghaida A, Alkhedewi Lama A, Aloufi Lubna, Khawaji Ola A, Khurmi Rahaf
机构信息
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU.
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Al Baha, SAU.
出版信息
Cureus. 2023 Dec 13;15(12):e50458. doi: 10.7759/cureus.50458. eCollection 2023 Dec.
BACKGROUND
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a subtype of diabetes that is discovered during pregnancy and may disappear after puerperium. It has an impact on the well-being of expectant mothers and fetuses. Many women have a poor level of knowledge regarding GDM, especially regarding risk factors, diagnosis, and the role of insulin in the management. Also, knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding GDM are influenced by multiple factors.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge among primigravidae versus multigravidas regarding GDM. Additionally, the study sought to identify the factors that are associated with high and low levels of knowledge regarding GDM.
METHODOLOGY
This is a prospective, cross-sectional study, conducted in different regions of Saudi Arabia and included 482 women who had a pregnancy history or were currently pregnant. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of two parts. A pilot study was carried out to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire.
RESULTS
The study data showed that a substantial portion of respondents have had one pregnancy, while there is a relatively even distribution among those with two (n=89, 18.50%), three (n=75, 15.60%), or four or more pregnancies (n=71, 14.70%). Of the participants, 65.6% had good knowledge regarding GDM. It was also found that there were significant differences between primigravidae and multigravidae.
CONCLUSION
One-third of the participants in both groups had poor knowledge with significant variation in knowledge between primigravidae and multigravidae. The importance of screening and fasting before testing received widespread recognition, as did the role of diet and exercise in treatment. It is recommended that targeted educational efforts and awareness campaigns be launched to enhance knowledge about GDM among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia.
背景
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是一种在孕期发现且产后可能消失的糖尿病亚型。它会影响准妈妈和胎儿的健康。许多女性对GDM的了解程度较低，尤其是关于风险因素、诊断以及胰岛素在管理中的作用。此外，关于GDM的知识、态度和行为受到多种因素的影响。
目的
本研究的目的是评估初产妇与经产妇对GDM的知识水平。此外，该研究旨在确定与GDM知识水平高低相关的因素。
方法
这是一项前瞻性横断面研究，在沙特阿拉伯的不同地区进行，纳入了482名有妊娠史或正在怀孕的女性。使用由两部分组成的问卷收集数据。进行了一项预试验以评估问卷的有效性。
结果
研究数据显示，相当一部分受访者有过一次妊娠，而有两次（n = 89，18.50%）、三次（n = 75，15.60%）或四次及以上妊娠（n = 71，14.70%）的受访者分布相对均匀。在参与者中，65.6%对GDM有良好的了解。还发现初产妇和经产妇之间存在显著差异。
结论
两组中三分之一的参与者知识水平较差，初产妇和经产妇之间的知识水平存在显著差异。检测前筛查和空腹的重要性以及饮食和运动在治疗中的作用得到了广泛认可。建议开展有针对性的教育工作和宣传活动，以提高沙特阿拉伯孕妇对GDM的认识。
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